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روغن‌های فرار و اجزای آن‌ها به عنوان مواد ضدمیکروبی، با توجه خاص به مواد ضدعفونی کننده: گذشته، حال و آینده

نوع مقاله : مقالات مروری روایی و یکپارچه

نویسندگان

1 دکترای عمومی داروسازی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه کنترل دارو، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه کنترل دارو، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی، مرکز فناوری دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

5 استاد، گروه کنترل دارو، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: اسانس ها ترکیباتی گیاهی هستند که خواص گوناگونی دارند. از نظر خواص فیزیکی، روغنی و چربی دوست و دارای بوی خاصی هستند. مطالعات و مشاهدات گذشته تاکنون خواص ضدباکتریایی، قارچی و ویروسی آن ها را ثابت کرده است. با توجه به تنوع شرایط آب وهوایی و پوشش گیاهی ایران، در این مقاله سعی شده با در نظر گرفتن گیاهان بومی ایران و اسانسهایی که از آن ها استخراج می‌‌شود، همراه با خواصشان، و تمرکز بر خاصیت ضدعفونی کنندگی و اجزای آن، از گذشته تا حال، اشاره شود. به‌علاوه، بر روش های استخراج و ساختارهای شیمیایی این ترکیبات نیز نگاهی اجمالی صورت گرفته است. 

مواد و روش ها: جستجو با استفاده از چندین پایگاه اطلاعاتی مختلف شامل پابمد، اسکوپوس، وب آف ساینس، گوگل اسکالر و ساینس دایرکت بدون محدودیت زمانی و با استفاده از نام اسانس ها و اسامی مرتبط برای کلیدواژه‌های ضدعفونی و ضدمیکروبی، تا پایان سال 2023، صورت گرفت. با محدودکردن جستجو، مطالعات غیرمرتبط و تکراری حذف، و مقالات پس از بررسی عناوین، چکیده‌‌ها و متون کامل، غربالگری شدند. 

یافته ها: با توجه به مطالعات صورت گرفته، خاصیت ضدعفونی کنندگی اسانس ها کاملا مشهود می باشد و در مواردی برای پیشگیری و درمان کروناویروس و ایجاد اثرات ضدباکتریایی در برابر باکتری های مقاوم به آنتی بیوتیک و مولد بیوفیلم نیز استفاده شده است. 

نتیجه گیری: انتظار می رود ایجاد خطوط درمانی اولیه موفق از این ترکیبات گیاهی به زودی گزارش شود. در نهایت باتوجه به گستردگی استفاده آن ها، می توان اسانس ها را جزء جدایی ناپذیر از زندگی انسان ها در تمامی ادوار تاریخ دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Essential Oils and Their Components as Antimicrobial Agents with Special Reference to Disinfectants: Past, Present, and Future

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Kazari 1
  • Bahman Khameneh Bagheri 2
  • Vahid Soheili 3
  • Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz 4 5

1 Pharm.D, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

4 Professor, Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

5 Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Essential oils (EOs) are natural compounds with various properties. In terms of physical characteristics, they are oily, lipophilic, and have a unique smell. Studies and observations have proven their antibacterial, anti-fungal, and antiviral properties. Considering the diversity of climatic conditions and vegetation of Iran, in this article, we have tried to discuss the native plants of Iran and the EOs extracted from them, along with their properties, focusing on the antiseptic properties and their components from the past to now. Moreover, these compounds' extraction methods and chemical structures have also been briefly reviewed.

Materials and Methods: Using several different databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Science Direct (without time limit), and using the names of EOs alongside the keywords of disinfection and antimicrobial, a screening search was done until the end of 2023. By limiting the search, irrelevant and duplicate studies were excluded, and articles were screened after reviewing the titles, abstracts, and full texts.

Results: According to the studies, the disinfectant property of EOs is clear; in some cases, they have been used to prevent and treat the SARS-COV-2 virus, and have antibacterial effects against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and biofilm-producer strains.

Conclusion: Successful primary treatment lines from these compounds are expected to be reported soon. Finally, due to their widespread use, EOs can be considered an integral part of human life throughout history.
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential Oil
  • Antibacterial
  • Anti-Fungal
  • Antiviral
  • Disinfectant
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 10، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 39
آذر 1403
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