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ارزشیابی میزان تناسب مکانی محل‌های دفن پسماند شهری با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) و مدل‌های تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره (مطالعه موردی: اخترآباد ملارد)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: شیوه‌های دفن پسماند در شهرها غیراصولی و غیربهداشتی است. این امر باعث شده که نشانه‌های بروز یک بحران محیط‌زیستی-بهداشتی و ایمنی در منطقه بوجود آید بنابراین ضروری است مراکز دفن در جهت تناسب مکانی مورد ارزشیابی قرار گیرد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر تعیین و تطبیق محل دفن فعلی پسماند با معیارهای ملی و بین‌المللی است.

مواد و روش‌ها: روش تحقیق به صورت پیمایشی توصیفی و تحلیل می‌باشد. در ابتدا به شناسایی عوامل اثرگذار در تناسب مکانی با بهره‌گیری از منابع مطالعاتی ازجمله ضوابط سازمان محیط‌زیست و روش آژانس کنترل آلودگی مینه‌سوتا (MPCA) در دفن پسماندها در ایالات متحده امریکا پرداخته ‌شد. تلفیق لایه‌ها با استفاده از روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره لین‌مپ وزن‌دهی انجام شد. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل و روی‌هم‌گذاری لایه‌های اطلاعاتی از نرم‌افزار ArcGIS استفاده شد. اولویت‌بندی تناسب مکانی در جهت استقرار محل دفن پسماند شهری و همچنین محاسبه درصد میزان تطابق محل‌های دفن بر پایه از روش TOPSIS استفاده شد. 

یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد از بین معیارهای ارزشیابی تناسب مکانی در دفن پسماند شهری تعیین‌شده، معیار فاصله از مناطق مسکونی، فاصله از مراکز آموزشی، درمانی، فاصله از شهرها، فاصله از آب‌های زیرزمینی، فاصله از آب‌های سطحی، بیشترین وزن‌ها را به ترتیب بدست آورده‌اند. نتایج شاخص موران0/640034 با توجه به امتیاز استاندارد محاسبه‌شده فرضیه خوشه‌ای بودن الگوی تناسب مکانی در سطح اطمینان 0/99 درصد تأیید شد. 

نتیجه‌گیری: معیارهای ملی تاثیر بیشتری در ارزشیابی تناسب مکانی دارد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد ترکیب لین‌مپ و تاپسیس عملکرد مناسبی در ارزشیابی تناسب مکانی دارد و  قابل‌اطمینان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Spatial Suitability of Urban Waste Disposal Sites Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models: A Case Study of Akhtarabad, Malard

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Zangene Bahramvand 1
  • Shahram Baikpour 2
  • Seyed Masoud Monavari 3

1 Msc, Department in Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor of Environment Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Unscientific and unhygienic urban waste disposal practices can trigger significant environmental, health, and safety crises within a region. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the spatial suitability of landfill sites to mitigate these risks. This study aims to evaluate the current waste disposal site in Akhtarabad, Malard, aligning its suitability with both national and international standards.

Materials and Methods: This research adopts a descriptive-analytical methodology, utilizing a survey-based approach. The factors influencing spatial suitability were initially identified through various authoritative sources, including regulations from environmental organizations and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) guidelines for waste disposal in the United States. The integration of these factors was conducted using the LINMAP (Linear Programming for Multidimensional Analysis of Preferences) method for multi-criteria decision-making and weighting. ArcGIS software was employed to analyze and overlay information layers. The prioritization of spatial suitability for urban waste disposal sites, along with the calculation of conformity percentages, was executed using the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method.

Results: The analysis revealed that among the evaluated criteria for spatial suitability, the distance from residential areas, educational and healthcare centres, urban centres, groundwater, and surface waters were the most heavily weighted. The Moran Index of 0.640034, coupled with the calculated standard score, supports the hypothesis of a clustered spatial suitability pattern with a 99% confidence level.

Conclusion: National criteria exert a more substantial influence on the evaluation of spatial suitability. The findings of this study indicate that the combination of LINMAP and TOPSIS is a reliable and effective approach for assessing the spatial suitability of urban waste disposal sites.
 
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spatial Suitability
  • Waste Disposal Site
  • LINMAP
  • TOPSIS
  • Akhtarabad Malard
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 38
شهریور 1403
صفحه 76-93
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