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کمپوست همزمان لجن تصفیه‌خانة فاضلاب و انواع زائدات آلی، راهبردی برای کاهش آلودگی محیط‌زیست: یک مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مقالات مرور سیستماتیک

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بهداشت محیط، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: با توجه‌ به اثرات سوء لجن تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب و مشکلات زیست‌محیطی زائدات آلی، امروزه کمپوست همزمان به‌عنوان روشی جدید برای استفاده مجدد از لجن مطرح شده است تا منجر به دفع ایمن لجن و زائدات آلی شود. مطالعه مروری حاضر با هدف بررسی کمپوست همزمان لجن تصفیه‌خانة فاضلاب و انواع زائدات آلی جهت راهبردی برای کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست و کشاورزی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در مطالعه مروری حاضر مقالات پایگاه‌های داده Scopus، Springer، Web of Sciences و PubMed به زبان انگلیسی و google scholar به زبان فارسی جستجو شد و پارامتر­هایی نظیر pH، نسبت کربن به نیتروژن، درصد رطوبت و زمان انجام فرآیند مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بدین‌منظور از کلیدواژه‌های Co-compost، wastewater treatment sludge، organic wastes، environmental pollution و agricultural و همچنین کمپوست همزمان، لجن تصفیه‌خانة فاضلاب، زائدات آلی، آلودگی محیط‌زیست و کشاورزی استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: در بازه زمانی 2020-2011، از مجموع 38 مقاله دریافت شده ، تعداد 14 مقاله با واژه‌های مذکور یافت شد و 24 مورد از مقالات به‌دلیل اینکه فاقد واژة لجن تصفیه‌خانه بودند، 5 کتاب و 6 مقاله که در رابطه ‌با فاضلاب بودنداز مطالعه حذف شدند. بررسی مقالات نهایی نشان داد، برای بهبود فرآیند کمپوست می‌توان با کاهش اندازه مواد خام اولیه و استفاده از مواد حجیم کننده به‌منظور کاهش زمان فرآیند و همچنین اندازه‌گیری و کنترل pH، نسبت کربن به ازت و درصد رطوبت به‌صورت روزانه، به افزایش کیفیت محصول اشاره کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: در اکثر مطالعات گذشته از مواد حجیم کننده و کاهش اندازه ذرات به‌منظور افزایش هوادهی کمپوست و کاهش زمان استفاده شده بود. مهم‌ترین پارامترهای تأثیرگذار در فرآیند کمپوست همزمان، تنظیم pH و درجه حرارت بود. فرآیند کمپوست همزمان با کاهش اثرات سوء زیست‌محیطی لجن تولیدی تصفیه‌خانه و زائدات آلی، به‌عنوان یک فرآیند دوست‌دار محیط‌زیست سبب افزایش بهداشت و سلامت افراد جامعه می‌شود.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Co-composting of wastewater treatment sludge and various types of organic wastes, a strategy to reduce pollution: a review study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sayedeh Fatemeh Mousavi 1
  • Fathollah Gholami Borujeni 2

1 M.Sc. student of Environmental Health Engineering, Students Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Aim: Due to the adverse effects of sewage sludge and environmental problems of organic waste, today, composting is proposed as a new method for the reuse of sludge to safely dispose of sludge and organic waste. The purpose of this study was to review the co-composting of wastewater treatment plant sludge and various organic wastes, as a strategy to reduce environmental and agricultural pollution.
Material and Methods: In the present study, articles from Scopus, Springer, Web of Science, and PubMed databases in English, and google scholar in Persian, were searched and parameters such as pH, carbon to nitrogen ratio, moisture content, and process time were studied. The keywords included "co-compost", "wastewater treatment sludge", "organic wastes", "environmental pollution", "agricultural", and "agriculture".
Results: From 2011 to 2020, 14 articles were found with the mentioned keywords. However, 24 items that did not have the keywords “wastewater treatment sludge”, as well as five books and six items related to wastewater, were excluded from the study. To improve the composting process, we can increase the quality of the product by reducing the size of the raw material and using bulking materials to reduce the processing time, as well as measuring and controlling the pH, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and daily moisture content.
Conclusion: In most previous studies, bulking agents and particle size reduction were used to increase compost aeration and reduce the processing time. The most important parameter influencing the co-composting process was the adjustment of pH and temperature. The composting process, with reducing environmental adverse effects of the sludge produced by the treatment plant and organic waste, as an environmentally friendly process, increases the health and well-being of the community.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Co-compost
  • Sludge Treatment Plant
  • Organic Waste
  • Bulking Agents
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 7، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 235-243
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