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نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسنده

کارشناس ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: امروزه به دلایل متعدد بیماری های منتقله از آب و غذا و طغیان های ناشی از آن در دنیا رو به گسترش است. این پژوهش با هدف تجزیه و تحلیل داده های شیوع بیماری های منتقله از آب و مواد غذایی در استان کردستان انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه، نوعی مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی است که طغیان های گزارش شده طی سال های 1390- 1396 را در استان کردستان مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار داده است. در این مطالعه ارتباط نسبت طغیان های گزارش شده به تفکیک منبع طغیان (آب یا غذا) با متغیرهای مورد مطالعه از جمله سن، جنس، عامل بیماری، منطقه، محل وقوع طغیان، زمان وقوع طغیان، دارای شبکه توزیع آب آشامیدنی و وضعیت کلرزنی با استفاده از کای اسکوائر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جهت انجام آنالیزهای آماری نرم افزار STSTA ورژن 13 مورد استفاده قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: طبق نتایج این مطالعه از مجموع 390 طغیان گزارش شده طی دوره پژوهش، (08/23درصد)90 مورد ناشی از آب، (92/66 درصد)261 مورد ناشی از غذا و (10درصد) 39 مورد با منبع نامشخص ارزیابی گردید. از نظر محل سکونت (67/76درصد)69 مورد از طغیانهای ناشی از آب در روستاها و (33/23 درصد) 21 مورد در مناطق شهری اتفاق افتاده درحالیکه (32/56 درصد)147 مورد از طغیانهای ناشی از غذا در مناطق شهری و (68/43 درصد) 114 مورد در مناطق روستایی رخ داده و بین وقوع طغیانها و محل سکونت در شهر و روستا ارتباط معناداری وجود داشت(P value<0.001).
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، رعایت بهداشت مواد غذایی در تهیه و پخت غذا و نظارت بر تامین آب آشامیدنی سالم، نقش به سزایی در کاهش میزان شیوع طغیانهای ناشی از آب و غذا دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Epidemiological study of the outbreak of waterborne and foodborne diseases in Kurdistan province

نویسنده [English]

  • Leila Ebrahimzadeh

MSc of Environmental Health Engineering, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Nowadays, because of several reasons, the incidence of waterborne and foodborne diseases is increasing in the world. Hence, this study was conducted to analyze the data on the prevalence of waterborne and foodborne diseases in Kurdistan province.
Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive analytical study that analyzed the outbreaks reported in Kurdistan province from 2011 to 2017. In this study, Chi-square test was applied to assess the relationships between the sources of the outbreaks (water or food) and the studied variables, including age, sex, cause of disease, region, place of outbreak, time of outbreak, status of drinking water distribution network, and status of chlorination. STSTA software Version 13 was used to perform the statistical analysis.
Results: According to the results of this study, of a total of 390 outbreaks reported during the studied period, 90 cases (23.08%) were caused by water, 261 cases (66.92%) were caused by food, and 39 cases (10%) had an unknown source. Concerning the location, of all cases of waterborne outbreaks, 69 cases of outbreaks (76.67%) occurred in rural areas and 21 cases of outbreaks (23.33%) occurred in urban areas. On the other hand, of all cases of foodborne outbreaks, 147 cases of outbreaks (56.32%) occurred in urban areas and 114 cases of outbreaks (43.68%) occurred in rural areas and there was a significant relationship between the outbreak and the location of residence in the city or village (P-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, observing food hygiene during the preparation and cooking of food and supervising the supply of healthy drinking water have a significant role in reducing the prevalence of waterborne and foodborne outbreaks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • outbreak
  • waterborne and foodborne diseases
  • Kurdistan
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