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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشى اصیل کمی و کیفی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه آلودگی های محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط‌ زیست و انرژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف:امروزه مخاطره مصرف مواد غذایی به‌خصوصمرکبات به‌عنوان بخشی جدایی‌ناپذیر از رژیم غذایی انسان، به‌واسطه آلودگی محیط‌زیست با فلزات سنگین به یک چالش جدی تبدیل شده است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین مخاطره سلامت مصرف مرکبات پرمصرف عرضه‌شده در بازار مصرف شهر همدان بر اساس پتانسیل خطر عناصر آرسنیک و روی در سال 1394 انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه تحلیلی (مشاهده‌ ای)، در مجموع 48 نمونه مرکبات از گونه ‌های پرتقال، گریپ‌فروت، لیموشیرین و نارنگی از 4 مرکز عمده فروش در سطح شهر همدان به‌ صورت تصادفی خریداری و به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. پس از آماده‌ سازی نمونه‌ها به روش هضم اسیدی در آزمایشگاه، غلظت تجمع‌ یافته عناصر توسط دستگاه نشر اتمی در سه تکرار خوانده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 20) و آزمون‌های Test Shapiro-Wilk،One Sample T Test، one-way ANOVA وPearson’s Correlation Coefficient  انجام شد.
یافته‌ ها: بیشینه میانگین غلظت عناصر آرسنیک و روی با 0/07±0/09 و 0/09±0/26 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم به‌ترتیب مربوط به نمونه‌های گریپ‌‌فروت و لیموشیرین بود. از طرفی بر اساس نتایج مطالعه، شاخص مخاطره سلامت برای عناصر مورد مطالعه کوچک‌تر از 1 بود، در نتیجه مصرف کنترل‌شده مرکبات برای بزرگسالان و کودکان مخاطره‌آمیز نمی‌باشد.
نتیجه‌ گیری: هرچند با استناد به نتایج محاسبه شاخص مخاطره سلامت، مصرف مرکبات مورد مطالعه اثر سوء بهداشتی بر سلامت مصرف‌کنندگان ندارد، ولی با توجه به افزایش نرخ استفاده از نهاده‌ های کشاورزی به‌ ویژه کودهای فسفاته، فاضلاب شهری و لجن فاضلاب توسط کشاورزان، نسبت به پایش دوره‌ای و منظم مواد غذایی به‌ ویژه اقلام وارداتی از نظر غلظت باقی‌مانده یا تجمع‌ یافته انواع سموم شیمیایی و سایر فلزات سمی از قبیل جیوه، سرب، کادمیوم و کروم توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Non-Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of As and Zn in Citrus Marketed in Hamedan City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soheil Sobhanardakani 1
  • Lobat Taghavi 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of the Environment, School of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of the Environmental Pollution, School of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: Nowadays due to the environmental pollution, health risk of foodstuffs consumption especially citrus species as an integral part of human diet has become a serious challenge. Therefore, this study was carried out for analysis and health risk assessment of As and Zn in some widely used citrus samples marketed in Hamedan city in 2015.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical study, 48 samples of citrus species (orange, grapefruit, lemon and tangerine) were randomly collected from four wholesale centers of Hamedan city. After  samples preparation using acid digestion method, the concentrations of elements in samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) in three replications.  the gained experimental results were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using Shapiro-Wilk Test, One Sample T Test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.
Results:The results showed that the maximum mean concentration (mg/kg) of As and Zn were 0.09±0.07, and 0.26±0.09 for grapefruit and lemon samples respectively. Also the computed health risk assessment showed that there is no potential risk for children and adult to consume the studied citrus.
Conclusion: Although based on the obtained results, controlled consumption of studied citrus species has not adverse effect on the consumers’ health, due to the increased use of agricultural inputs especially phosphorus fertilizers, sewage sludge and wastewater by farmers and orchardists, regular periodic monitoring of chemical pollutants such as pesticides and other toxic metals (Hg, Pb, Cd and Cr) content are recommended for food safety especially in imported foodstuffs. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Food safety
  • Heavy metals
  • Health Risk
  • Citrus
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