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نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استاد گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: توسعه صنعت پرورش قارچ خوراکی در ایران مورد توجه قرار گرفته و میزان تولید آن به 90 هزار تن در سال رسیده است. با تولید هر کیلوگرم قارچ خوراکی دکمه ای، حدود 5 کیلوگرم پسماند بر جای می ماند که با استفاده از تکنولوژی ورمی کمپوست می توان ضمن تصفیه این پسماندها، آن را به کود آلی با ارزشی تبدیل کرد و میزان استفاده کودهای شیمیایی را کاهش داد و در جهت توسعه پایدار گام برداشت. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تبدیل پسماندهای فرآیند تولید قارچ دکمه ای به کود ورمی و بررسی خصوصیات شیمیایی و کیفیت این کود انجام شد.

مواد و روش ها: مطالعه حاضر در سال92 در واحد ورمی کمپوست کارخانه کمپوست شهر مشهد انجام گرفت. در این تحقیق ضمن انجام فرآیند ورمی کمپوست بر روی پسماندهای کمپوست قارچ مصرف شده یا SMC در شرایط بهینه با تیمارهای چیپس چوب، ضایعات قارچ، برگ و تفاله هویج، شاخص های کمی و کیفی و تغییرات آن طی فرآیند شش هفته ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نتایج به دست آمده با استاندارد ملی ورمی کمپوست مقایسه و درجه کیفیت محصول نهایی تعیین شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS نسخه 16 و آزمون های همبستگی پیرسون و آزمون رگرسیون لینیر در سطح معنی داری 05/0 انجام شد.

یافته ها: در این مطالعه کل کربن آلی (TOC)، پتاسیم و نیتروژن کل در تمام تیمارها با گذشت زمان افزایش یافت اما میزان pH و EC طی فرآیند ورمی کمپوست کاهش یافت. همچنین افزایش معنی داری در نسبت C/N در تمام تیمارها در انتهای فرآیند شش هفته ای مشاهده شد و تمامی کودهای نهایی در ردیف کودهای درجه یک قرار گرفتند.

نتیجه گیری: ورمی کمپوست منجر به بهبود شاخص های کود آلی در بسترهای تحت فرآیند ورمی کمپوست شده و یکی از روش های مناسب مدیریت برای پسماندهای کارگاه های تولید قارچ دکمه ای می باشد که راهی در جهت نیل به کشاورزی پایدار محسوب می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Investigation of the Chemical Properties and Maturation Degree of the Vermicompost obtained from the Wastes of Button Mushroom Production

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Ranaee 1
  • Mahdi Mokhtari 2
  • Hosein Alidadi 3
  • Mohammad Hasan Ehrampoush 4

1 MS.c Student, Environmental Health Engineering, Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and objective: Mushroom cultivation has recently been developing in Iran with a production level of 90 tons per year.Approximately 5 kg of waste is generated by producing one kilogram of button mushrooms.These wastes could be refined by using vermicompost technology converting them into valuable organic fertilizers to replace chemical fertilizers as a way to achieve sustainability. This study aimed to
convert button mushroom production wastes into manure and investigate the chemical properties and quality of this fertilizer.

Methods: Such wastes as rotten mushrooms, spent mushroom compost (SMC) and peat are generated during the cultivation process of button mushrooms in large quantities. In this study, SMC was vermicomposted in an optimized process of treatment with wood chips, rotten mushrooms, carrot scum and leaves. Quantitative and qualitative indicators and their changes were investigated during six weeks. The obtained results were compared with the National Standards of Vermicompost (No. 13724) and the overall quality was determined in the final product. We used the SPSS software and Pearson’s correlation coefficient at the significance level of 0.05 in order to examine the correlation between the inorganic materials
and changes in other parameters. In addition, Linear Regression Analysis was used to determine the relationship between the studied variables.

Results: The results of this study indicated that the Total Organic Carbon (TOC), potassium and total nitrogen in all the treatments increased with time. However, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) levels declined during the vermicomposting process. Furthermore, a significant increase was observed in the C/N ratio in all the treatments by the end of the six‐week period. Therefore, all the fertilizers were classified as Grade one.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, vermicompost process could enhance the indicators of organic fertilizers derived from vermicompost beds. Thus, this method could be suitable for the waste
management of button mushroom production in order to achieve a sustainable agriculture.

Paper Type: Research Article

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vermicompost
  • Eisenia foetida
  • Button mushroom
  • SMC
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