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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

ارزیابی و پیش‌بینی شاخص‌های سلامتی و بهداشتی فلزات سنگین خاک مزارع کشاورزی شهر حمیدیه با رویکرد یادگیری ماشین

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان
خوشناز پاینده 1
مهدی فروزانفر 2
محمد ولایت زاده 3
1 گروه پژوهشی توسعه کاربرد هوش مصنوعی در کشاورزی، محیط زیست و پزشکی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 گروه پژوهشی توسعه کاربرد هوش مصنوعی در صنایع استراتژیک، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
3 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
10.22038/jreh.2026.27468
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: یکی از آلاینده های خطرناک موجود در خاک فلزات سنگین می‌‌باشند که می‌‌توانند برای محصولات کشاورزی مشکلاتی را ایجاد کنند. این تحقیق با هدف ارزیابی فلزات سنگین در خاک های مزارع کشاورزی شهر حمیدیه در شمال غرب کلانشهر اهواز در سال 1403 انجام شد.

مواد و روش ها: نمونه برداری در فصل پاییز از 4 مزرعه کشاورزی با تکرار 20 نمونه انجام شد. در این تحقیق فلزات سنگین در خاک با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی ـ پلاسما ICP-AES مدل Varian 710-ES ساخت شرکت اجیلنت آمریکا اندازه‌گیری شدند. ارزیابی خطر سلامت و دو مدل جنگل تصادفی و رگرسیون بردار پشتیبان فلزات سنگین خاک انجام شد.

یافته ها: میانگین غلظت کادمیوم، سرب، آرسنیک، مس، روی و کروم به‌ترتیب 0/58، 76، 1/46، 34/25، 174/42 و 68/95 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم به‌دست آمد. میانگین فاکتور آلودگی، درجه آلودگی، درجه آلودگی اصلاح شده، شاخص بار آلودگی، شاخص آلودگی نمرو و شاخص خطر زیستی فلزات سنگین 1/12، 16/05، 2/67، 1/49، 3/34 و 130/99 بود. بالاترین شاخص خطر سرطان زایی و شاخص خطر غیرسرطان زایی مربوط کروم برای کودکان 5-10×2/72 و 1-10×2/39 به‌دست آمد. سرب نیز بالاترین شاخص خطر غیرسرطان زایی (1-10×2/77) را برای دستگاه گوارش کودکان داشت. 

نتیجه گیری: نتایج فلزات سنگین در خاک مزارع کشاورزی شهر حمیدیه نشان داد که این آلاینده ها تأثیر بالایی بر خاک داشته و باعث آلودگی متوسط تا زیاد شدند، زیرا مقدار شاخص بار آلودگی عناصر مورد مطالعه بالاتر از 1 به‌دست آمده است. ارزیابی شاخص خطر غیرسرطان زایی و شاخص خطر سرطان زایی نشان داد که کادمیوم، سرب، آرسنیک، مس، روی و کروم برای سلامتی انسان مشکلی ایجاد نمی‌کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
فلزات سنگین
محصولات کشاورزی
آلودگی عناصر خاک
سمیت عناصر

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation and prediction of health and hygiene indices of heavy metals in agricultural fields in Hamidieh city: a Machine Learning Approach

نویسندگان English

Khoshnaz Payanadeh 1
Mehdi Forouzanfar 2
Mohammad Velayatzadeh 3
1 Research Group of Artificial Intelligence Application Development in Agriculture, Environment and Medicine, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Research Group of Artificial Intelligence Application Development in Strategic Industries, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Young Researchers and Elites Club, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objective: Heavy metals are one of the dangerous pollutants present in soil that can cause problems for agricultural products. This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals in the soils of agricultural fields in Hamidieh city in the northwest of Ahvaz metropolis in 2024.

Materials and Methods: Sampling was carried out in the fall from 4 agricultural fields with 20 replicates. In this study, the elements in the soil were measured using an atomic absorption-plasma ICP-AES model Varian 710-ES manufactured by Agilent Company, USA. Health risk assessment and two random forest models and support vector regression of soil heavy metals were performed.

Results: The average concentrations of Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Zn and Cr were 0.58, 76, 1.46, 34.25, 174.42 and 68.95 mg kg-1, respectively. The average pollution factor, pollution degree, modified pollution degree, pollution load index, Nemro pollution index and biological hazard index of heavy metals were 1.12, 16.05, 2.67, 1.49, 3.34 and 130.99. The highest carcinogenic risk index and non-carcinogenic risk index for Cr for children were 2.72×10-5 and 2.39×10-1. Pb also had the highest non-carcinogenic risk index (2.77×10-1) for the gastrointestinal tract of children.

Conclusion: The results of heavy metals in the soil of agricultural fields in Hamidiyeh city showed that these pollutants had a high impact on the soil and caused moderate to high pollution, because the pollution load index of the studied elements was higher than 1. The evaluation of the non-carcinogenic risk index and carcinogenic risk index showed that the elements cadmium, lead, arsenic, copper, zinc and chromium do not pose a problem for human health.
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Heavy Metals
Agricultural Products
Soil Element Contamination
Element Toxicity
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