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بررسی آلودگی به آفلاتوکسین B1 و اکراتوکسین A در برنج و ذرت عرضه شده در شهرستان بندرعباس

نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسندگان

گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: امروزه، مایکوتوکسین‌ها به‌عنوان آلاینده‌های حیاتی در نظر گرفته می‌شوند و اهمیت ایمنی مواد غذایی را برای سلامت انسان برجسته می‌کنند. تهاجم قارچ‌های سمی و تولید مایکوتوکسین‌ها بسیار متغیر است و به آب و هوا، محصول زراعی و شیوه ذخیره سازی بستگی دارد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی وجود آفلاتوکسین B1 و اکراتوکسین A در برنج و ذرت عرضه شده در شهرستان بندرعباس بود.

مواد و روش ها: ابتدا 96 نمونه شامل 48 نمونه ذرت و 48 نمونه برنج از محل های عرضه  نمونه گیری و به آزمایشگاه انتقال داده شد. از آزمون های آماری Indipendent sample t.test و ANOVA و تست Duncan برای مقایسه میانگین ها و از آزمون کای دو (Chi-Square) برای مقایسه درصد فراوانی ها استفاده شد. 

یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد تمامی نمونه های ذرت و برنج به آفلاتوکسین B1 و اکراتوکسین A آلوده بودند؛ اما هیچ کدام از نمونه ها، آلودگی فراتر از استاندارد ایران را نداشتند. میانگین آلودگی برای ذرت و برنج به آفلاتوکسین B1 2/79 و 3/21 میکروگرم بر کیلوگرم و میانگین آلودگی برای ذرت و برنج به اکراتوکسین A به‌ترتیب 33/57 و 3/01 میکروگرم بر کیلوگرم بود. آنالیزهای آماری نشان داد اختلاف آماری بین میزان آلودگی به آفلاتوکسین و اکراتوکسین در بین نمونه های غذایی مختلف وجود نداشت.

نتیجه گیری: قرار گرفتن در معرض مایکوتوکسین ها در موادغذایی مختلف، اجتناب ناپذیر است و نگرانی ها در مورد اثرات سلامتی آن‌ها در حال افزایش است. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که مصرف ذرت و برنج های عرضه شده در شهرستان بندرعباس نمی تواند مخاطرات نگران کننده ای برای سلامت مصرف کننده ایجاد کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A Contamination in Rice and Corn Supplied in Bandar Abbas City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ayda Ghanbari
  • Najmeh Vahed dehkordi
  • Ebrahim Rahimi

Department of Food Hygiene, Shk.C., Islamic Azad University, ShahreKord, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Today, mycotoxins are considered as critical contaminants and highlight the importance of food safety for human health. The invasion of toxic fungi and the production of mycotoxins are highly variable and depend on the climate, crop, and storage method. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A in rice and corn supplied in Bandar Abbas City. 

Materials and Methods: First, 96 samples including 48 corn samples and 48 rice samples were sampled from the supply sites and transferred to the laboratory. Independent sample t.test, ANOVA, and Duncan test were used to compare means, and Chi-Square test was used to compare the frequency percentages. 

Results: The results showed that all corn and rice samples were contaminated with Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A; But none of the samples had contamination beyond the Iranian standard. The average contamination for corn and rice with aflatoxin B1 was 2.79 and 3.21 μg/kg, and the average contamination for corn and rice with ochratoxin A was 33.75 and 3.01 μg/kg, respectively. Statistical analyses showed that there was no statistical difference between the levels of contamination with aflatoxin and ochratoxin among different food samples. 

Conclusion: Exposure to mycotoxins in various foods is inevitable and concerns about their health effects are increasing. The results of the present study showed that the consumption of corn and rice supplied in Bandar Abbas city cannot pose any worrying risks to the health of consumers.

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aflatoxin B1
  • Ochratoxin A
  • Rice
  • Corn
  • Food Safety
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 43
مهر 1404
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