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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشى اصیل کمی و کیفی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌‍ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات‌وعلوم انسانی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات‌وعلوم انسانی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: پسماندها به‌عنوان مهمترین مسئله‌ای هستند که همه‌ی گروه‌های اجتماعی، فرهنگ‌ها، مناطق و نژادها را تحت تآثیر قرار می‌دهد، در سیاست‌گذاری و مدیریت جامع پسماند، جمع آوری و روش های پردازش و دفع پسماند در تعامل با یکدیگر به‌نحوی مدیریت می گردند که اهداف سه‌گانه محیط زیستی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی مطلوب منطقه به‌دست آید. بر این اساس هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی دیدگاه مدیران محلی از مولفه‌های سیاست‌گذاری مدیریت پسماندهای مناطق روستایی منتخب بخش مرکزی شهرستان کرمانشاه می باشد.

مواد و و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی می‌باشد و از نظر ماهیت و روش توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع پیمایشی است. جامعه‌ی آماری پژوهش، مدیران محلی روستاهای بخش مرکزی شهرستان کرمانشاه است و از روش تمام سرشماری برای تعیین مدیران محلی استفاده شد. روش گردآوری اطلاعات در این پژوهش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی است. برای اطمینان از روایی صوری و محتوایی سوالات، از نظرات 12 نفر از اساتید و خبرگان که در این زمینه تخصص داشتند، استفاده شد. برای تجزیه-وتحلیل آماری استباطی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Spss انجام گردید.

یافته‌ها: بررسی‌های میدانی نشان داد که در سطح روستاهای مورد مطالعه سیاست‌های گوناگون مدیریت پسماند برای دهیاران و شوراهای اسلامی لحاظ شده است که شامل مدیریت پسماند، آموزش و آگاه‌سازی روستاییان، بهینه‌سازی تکنولوژی جمع‌آوری زباله، ایفای نقش صحیح و به موقع نهادهای مسئول و اجرای صحیح ضوابط و مقررات بود که در سطح مطلوبی نیز برآورد شد. بررسی سیاست‌گذاری‌ها و برنامه‌ریزی‌ها در زمینه‌ی مدیریت پسماند روستاهای هدف در این پژوهش نشان داد که هنوز در بخش‌های شناسایی مکان مناسب جمع‌آوری پسماند، امکانات مکانیکی مناسب و رعایت اصول بهداشتی برای مدیریت پسماند مشکلاتی وجود دارد.

نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌ها نشان داد که مدیران (دهیاران، شوراها) در پنج مؤلفه‌ی مدیریت پسماند، آموزش و آگاه‌سازی روستاییان، بهینه‌سازی تکنولوژی جمع‌آوری زباله، ایفای نقش صحیح و به موقع نهادهای مسئول، اجرای صحیح ضوابط و مقررات عملکرد نسبتاً مطلوبی داشته‌اند. البته این مؤلفه‌ها ارتباط چندانی با ویژگی‌های فردی آنان نداشت. بر پایه‌ی یافته‌های به‌دست آمده از این پژوهش، لزوم توجه به آموزش در زمینه‌ی مدیریت پسماند به دهیاران و شوراها مناطق هدف احساس می‌گردد. هم‌چنین اجرای سیاست‌های مبتنی بر مدیریت پسماند موجب بهبود در شرایط مناطق هدف شده و این ضرورت تداوم و توسعه‌ی آن‌ها را نشان می‌دهد. چنین هدفی با برقرار شدن نظام قانون‌گذاری و سیاست‌گذاری پویا و دارای ضمانت اجرایی امکان‌پذیر خواهد بود. در صورت حرکت در این مسیر می‌توان امید داشت که اهداف بهینه‌سازی و افزایش بهره‌وری در مدیریت پسماند در روستاهای مورد مطالعه در دو سطح خُرد و کلان محقق شود. ایجاد یک سیستم فراگیر دفع زباله مؤثر فراتر از تدوین سیاست‌ها و قوانین است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Local Managers' Perspectives on Factors Affecting Waste Management in Rural Areas (Selected from the Central Part of Kermanshah County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parvin Rezaei Bavandpour 1
  • Mohammad Akbarpour 2

1 Master of Science in Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Waste is the Most Important Issue that Affects All Social Groups, Cultures, Regions, and Races. In Comprehensive Waste Policy and Management, Waste Collection, Processing, and Disposal Methods are Managed in Interaction with each other in a Way that the Desired Environmental, Social, and Economic Goals of the Region are Achieved. Accordingly, the Purpose of the Present Study is to Examine the Views of Local Managers on the Components of Waste Management Policy in Selected Rural Areas of the Central part of Kermanshah County.

Materials and Methods: The Present Study is Applied in Terms of Purpose and is Descriptive-Analytical in Method. The Statistical Population of the Study is Local Managers of Villages in the Central Part of Kermanshah County, and the Full Census Method was Used to Determine Local Managers. The Data Collection Method in this Study is Library and Field. To Ensure the Face and Content Validity of the Questions, the Opinions of 12 Professors and Experts who were Specialized in this Field were Used. Inferential Statistical Analysis was Performed Using Spss Software.

Results: Field Studies Showed that at the Level of the Studied Villages, Various Waste Management Policies have been Considered for Village Heads and Islamic Councils, Including Waste Management, Education and Awareness of Villagers, Optimization of Waste Collection Technology, Proper and Timely Role of Responsible Institutions, and Proper Implementation of Rules and Regulations, which was also Estimated at a Desirable Level. A review of Policies and Plans in the Field of Waste Management in the Target Villages in this Study Showed that there are Still Problems in the Areas of Identifying Appropriate Waste Collection Sites, Appropriate Mechanical Facilities, and Compliance with Sanitary Principles for Waste Management.

Conclusion: The Findings Showed that Managers had Relatively Favorable Performance in the Five Components of Waste Management, Educating and Informing Villagers, Optimizing Waste Collection Technology, Playing the Correct and Timely Role of Responsible Institutions, and Correctly Implementing Rules and Regulations. of Course, these Components had little Relationship with their Individual Characteristics. Based on the Findings of this Study, it is Felt Necessary to Pay Attention to Training in the Field of Waste Management for Village heads and Councils in the Target Areas. Also, Implementing Policies based on Waste Management has led to Improvements in the Conditions of the Target Areas, and this Shows the Necessity of their Continuation and Development. Such a Goal will be Possible with the Establishment of a Dynamic Legislative and Policy-Making System with an Executive Guarantee. If we Move in this Direction, We can Hope that the Goals of Optimization and Increasing Productivity in Waste Management in the Studied Villages will be Achieved at both Micro and Macro Levels. Creating an Effective, Comprehensive Waste Disposal System Goes beyond Formulating Policies and Laws.
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Waste
  • Waste Issues and Problems
  • Waste Management
  • Villages in the Central Region
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