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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

شاخص خطر سرطان زایی و غیرسرطان زایی آرسنیک، سرب و کروم در ذرت (Zea Mays) مزارع کشاورزی شوشتر و اندیمشک

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان
زینب غلامی 1
مریم محمدی روزبهانی 1
خوشناز پاینده 2
سیما سبزعلیپور 1
1 گروه محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 گروه خاکشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
10.22038/jreh.2025.26066
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: ذرت یکی از مهمترین غلات می باشد که نقش مهمی در سبد تغذیه ای انسان دارد و در بسیاری از مناطق در جهان و ایران کشت داده می شود. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی سطح خطر فلزات آرسنیک، سرب و کروم در ذرت برای سلامت انسان انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش توصیفی ـ مقطعی در سال 1401 انجام شد. در مجموع 60 نمونه خاک و 60 نمونه ذرت از مزارع کشاورزی شهرهای شوشتر و اندیمشک در دو فصل تابستان و پاییز تهیه شدند. مقادیر فلزات آرسنیک، سرب و کروم به‌روش جذب اتمی و به‌وسیله‌ی دستگاه AA240Z اندازه گیری شدند.

یافته ها: میانگین سرب، آرسنیک و کروم در نمونه‌های خاک مزارع ذرت در شوشتر به‌ترتیب 12/4، 4/05 و 74/9 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم و در اندیمشک به‌ترتیب 13/27، 4/68 و 71/45 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم به دست آمد. بر اساس میانگین غلظت سرب و آرسنیک در نمونه‌های ذرت شاخص خطر غیرسرطان زایی برای بزرگسالان و کودکان بالاتر از 1 به‌دست آمد، اما شاخص خطر غیرسرطان زایی کروم در محصول ذرت پایین‌تر از 1 به‌دست آمد. شاخص خطر سرطان‌زایی سرب، آرسنیک و کروم در ذرت برای بزرگسالان و کودکان بالاتر از 4-10 به‌دست آمد. بالاترین مقادیر شاخص انتقال مربوط به آرسنیک در فصل تابستان در منطقه شوشتر (0/44) بود.

نتیجه گیری: بر اساس ارزیابی سطح خطر فلزات آرسنیک و سرب می‌توانند برای سلامت انسان خطرناک باشند، اما شاخص خطر غیرسرطان زایی برای فلز کروم برای بزرگسالان و کودکان مشکلی ایجاد نمی کند. هم‌چنین شاخص انتقال نشان داد که ذرت می‌تواند فلزات را جذب و انباشته کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
فلزات سنگین
ارزیابی خطر سلامت
خطر سرطان زایی
ذرت

عنوان مقاله English

Carcinogenic and Non-carcinogenic Risk Index of As, Pb and Cr in Corn (Zea Mays) of Shushtar and Andimeshk Agricultural Fields

نویسندگان English

Zeinab Gholami 1
Maryam Mohammadi Rouzbahani 1
Khoshnaz Payanadeh 2
Sima Sabzalipour 1
1 Department of Environment, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Department of Soil Science, Ahv.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objective: Zea mays is one of the most widely cultivated cereals globally and is a significant dietary component. This study aimed to assess the human health risks associated with arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) contamination in corn grown in Iran.

Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022, involving 60 soil and 60 corn samples collected from agricultural fields inShushtar and Andimeshkduring summer and autumn. Pb and Cr concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry (AA240Z).

Results: Mean concentrations of Pb, As, and Cr in soils from Shushtar were 12.4, 4.05, and 74.9 mg/kg, respectively, and 13.27, 4.68, and 45.71 mg/kg in Andimeshk. One-way ANOVA revealed no significant seasonal differences for Cr and As in soil (p>0.05) or for Pb and Cr across locations (p>0.05). However, Pb and As levels significantly differed between regions (p<0.05). Pb concentrations in corn were significantly higher in Shushtar (p<0.05), while As and Cr showed no significant spatial or seasonal variation (p>0.05). No seasonal effect was observed in corn metal levels (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Risk assessment indicated potential non-carcinogenic health risks from As and Pb exposure, particularly for vulnerable populations. Cr levels were within safe limits for both adults and children. The transfer factor analysis confirmed that corn can uptake and accumulate metal.
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Heavy Metal
Heaalth Risk Asseeement
Carcinogenic Risk
Corn
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