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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، نیکل و وانادیوم در آب رودخانه‌ی اعلاء شهرستان رامهرمز

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان
سید راضیه پورموسوی 1
آزیتا کوشافر 2
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
10.22038/jreh.2025.25797
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: فلزات سنگین به‌دلیل ماهیت بسیار خطرناک‌ در میان همه‌ی آلاینده‌ها، توسط پژوهشگران، شیمی‌دانان و زیست‌شناسان مورد توجه قرار دارند. این تحقیق در سال 1402 با هدف بررسی آلودگی فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، نیکل و وانادیوم ناشی از پوشش قیر در چشمه قیرماماتین بر روی آب رودخانه اعلاء انجام شد.

مواد و روش ها: در این پژوهش نمونه های آب به‌صورت سیستماتیک از هر ایستگاه با 3 تکرار در فصل تابستان (تیر ماه) و فصل زمستان (بهمن ماه) جمع‌آوری شدند. به‌عبارت دیگر در مجموع از 5 ایستگاه با 3 تکرار در دو فصل سال، 30 نمونه آب تهیه گردید. برای اندازه‌گیری فلزات از دستگاه Optima 8300 ICP-OES ساخت شرکت Perkin Elmer آمریکا استفاده گردید.

یافته ها: میانگین غلظت فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، نیکل و وانادیوم در آب رودخانه‌ی اعلاء به‌ترتیب 0/89، 71/16و 8/10 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر به‌دست آمد. مقایسه‌ی میانگین فلزات سنگین کادمیوم (0/041=Pvalue) و نیکل (0/022=Pvalue) در آب رودخانه‌ی اعلاء در فصل تابستان و زمستان اختلاف معنی‌داری را نشان داد (0/05>p)، اما میانگین غلظت وانادیوم در دو فصل تابستان و زمستان اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت (0/05<p). میانگین غلظت کادمیوم، نیکل و وانادیوم در آب رودخانه اعلاء در مقایسه با حد آستانه‌ی استاندارد ملی ایران (شماره 1053) و سازمان بهداشت جهانی بالاتر به‌دست آمد (0/05>p) و بر اساس تحلیل واریانس مقادیر کادمیوم (0/034=Pvalue)، نیکل (0/002=Pvalue) و وانادیوم (0/014=Pvalue) در مقایسه با حد مجاز استاندارد ملی ایران (شماره 1053) اختلاف معنی داری داشت (0/05>p).

نتیجه گیری: با توجه به مقادیر نیکل و وانادیوم در ایستگاه‌های پایین دست به‌نظر می رسد که قیر ورودی به رودخانه‌ی اعلاء بر کیفیت آب تاثیر گذاشته است. مقادیر شاخص خطر سرطان‌زایی و شاخص خطر غیرسرطان‌زایی فلزات کادمیوم، نیکل و وانادیوم در آب رودخانه اعلاء نشان داد که مصرف آب این رودخانه برای انسان می‌تواند خطرناک باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
فلزات سنگین
شاخص خطر غیرسرطان‌زایی
شاخص خطر سرطان‌زایی
رودخانه‌ی اعلاء
رامهرمز

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of Heavy Metal Concentrations (Cadmium, Nickel, and Vanadium) in the Water of the Alla River, Ramhormoz City

نویسندگان English

Seyedeh Razieh Pourmousavi 1
Azita Koshafar 2
1 Master's student of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Department of Environment, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Purpose: Heavy metals are recognized as highly hazardous pollutants, drawing significant attention from researchers, chemists, and biologists. This study, conducted in 2023, aimed to assess the contamination levels of cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V) in the Alla River, potentially influenced by bitumen coating from the Qiramatin spring.

Materials and Methods: Water samples were systematically collected from five stations, with three replicates per station, during summer (July) and winter (February). In total, 30 water samples were obtained across two seasons. Metal concentrations were measured using the Optima 8300 ICP-OES system (Perkin Elmer, USA).

Results: The mean concentrations of Cd, Ni, and V in the Alla River water were 0.89 mg L-1, 71.16 mg L-1, and 8.10 mg L-1, respectively. A comparison of the mean Cd (P=0.041) and Ni (P=0.022) concentrations between summer and winter revealed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). However, seasonal variations in V concentration were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average concentrations of Cd, Ni, and V exceeded the permissible limits set by both the Iranian National Standard (No. 1053) and the World Health Organization (P<0.05). Analysis of variance confirmed significant deviations of Cd (P=0.034), Ni (P=0.002), and V (P=0.014) from the permissible limits established by the Iranian National Standard (No. 1053) (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: The elevated Ni and V concentrations at downstream stations suggest that bitumen contaminants entering the Alla River have adversely impacted water quality. Furthermore, assessments of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk indices for Cd, Ni, and V indicate that water consumption from this river poses potential health risks to humans.
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Heavy Metals
Non-Carcinogenic Risk Index
Carcinogenic Risk Index
Alaa River
Ramhormoz
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