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ارزیابی ریسک حوادث مخازن حاوی مواد اشتعال‌زا در پتروشیمی شیراز با استفاده از روش پاپیونی (Bow-tie) ‏

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی ایمنی، بهداشت و محیط‌زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه و فن‌آوری‌های نوین، واحد الکترونیکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران.

3 استاد گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: نظر به گسترش روزافزون صنایع پتروشیمی ‌در ایران و ظرفیت بالای بروز حوادثی هم‌چون آتش‌سوزی و انفجار در این صنایع، این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی ریسک حوادث مخازن حاوی مواد اشتعال‌زا در پتروشیمی شیراز با استفاده از روش پاپیونی (Bow-tie) انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، جامعه آماری شامل: مدیران، کارشناسان و کارمندهای پتروشیمی شیراز بود که با استفاده از روش پاپیونی و براساس چک لیست نسبت به ارزیابی و تحلیل ریسـک مخازن حاوی مواد اشتعال‌زا در پتروشیمی شیراز اقدام کردند. از طرفی، داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزارBow Tie XP  پردازش شدند.

یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که از مجموع 233 مورد موانع پیشگیرانه و کاهنده، 193 مورد معادل 82/8درصد مربوط به عامل رفتاری بوده است. سه مورد معادل 1/29 درصد مربوط به‌عوامل سخت‌افزار فعال، 20 مورد معادل 8/58 درصد مربوط به عوامل فنی-اجتماعی، 12 مورد معادل 5/15 درصد مربوط به‌عوامل سخت‌افزار پیوسته و پنج مورد معادل 2/15 درصد نیز مربوط به‌عوامل سخت‌افزار غیرفعال بوده است. لذا، عوامل رفتاری از بیش‌ترین میزان موانع پیشگیرانه و کاهنده برخوردار بوده و اختلاف فاحشی با سایر عوامل داشت.

نتیجه‌گیری: افزایش آگاهی نیروی انسانی شاغل در واحدهای نگهداری و مراقبت از مخازن حاوی مواد اشتعال‌زا، ‌می‌تواند راهکار مناسبی برای مدیران در راستای ارتقای سطح ایمنی این بخش‌ها باشد که این موضوع موید لزوم تغییر و ارتقا نگرش، اصلاح ساختار و برنامه‌ریزی آموزش‌های اثربخش و موثر در این حوزه است که هزینه‌های مستقیم بالایی نیز درپی نداشته، و در عین حال از شانس بازگشت سرمایه خوبی نیز برخوردار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and Analysis of Risks of Tanks Containing Flammable Substances in Shiraz Petrochemical Company Using Bow-tie Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Saruei 1
  • Soheil Sobhan Ardakani 2
  • Seyed Ali Jozi 3

1 M.Sc., Dep. of Environmental Science, College of Basic Sciences and Modern Technologies, Electronic Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Dept. of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.

3 Professor, Dept. of the Environment, College of Marine Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Considering the ever-increasing expansion of petrochemical industries in Iran and the high capacity of accidents such as fire and explosion in these industries, this study was conducted to evaluate and analyze of risks of tanks containing flammable substances in Shiraz Petrochemical Company using bow-tie model.

Materials & Methods: In the current study, the statistical population included: managers, experts, and employees of Shiraz Petrochemical Company, who evaluated and analyzed the risk of tanks containing flammable substances using the bow-tie model based on the checklist. Also, the collected data were processed using Bow TieXP software version 12.02. 

Results: Based on the results obtained, among the 233 preventive and reducing obstacles, 193 cases, i.e. 82.8%, were related to the behavioral factor. Three cases equal to 1.29% related to active hardware factors, 20 cases equal to 8.58% related to technical-social factors, 12 cases equal to 5.15% related to continuous hardware factors and five cases equal to 2.15% were related to passive hardware factors. Therefore, behavioral factors had the highest amount of preventive and reducing barriers and had a significant difference with other factors also.

Conclusion: Increasing the awareness of the humans working in the maintenance and care of tanks containing flammable substances division could be a suitable solution for managers to increase the safety level of these departments. This confirms the need to change and improve the attitude, reform the structure, and plan effective and efficient training in this field that does not involve high direct costs and at the same time has a good chance of returning capital.
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk assessment
  • Bow-tie model
  • Shiraz Petrochemical Company
  • Flammable substances
  • Iran
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 10، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 39
آذر 1403
صفحه 39-51
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