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اثر الگوی پارک های شهری بر توزیع مکانی PM2.5 در شهر اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشى اصیل کمی و کیفی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد آلودگی محیط زیست، گروه محیط زیست، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه محیط‌زیست، مرکز تحقیقات پسماند و پساب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: یکی از مهم ترین نقش های پارک های شهری، جذب انواع آلاینده ها بخصوص ذرات‌معلق PM 2.5 و کمک به بهبود شرایط اتمسفر شهری است. در مطالعه حاضر به بررسی نقش پارک‌های شهری در توزیع مکانی ذرات‌معلق  PM 2.5 پرداخته شده است.

مواد و روش ها: در گام اول، مقادیر روزانه غلظت این آلاینده که توسط 16 ایستگاه پایش زمینی برداشت می شوند برای یک سال کامل از اول فروردین 1401 تا پایان اسفند این سال اخذ گردید و با استفاده از روش معکوس فاصله وزنی به نقشه پیوسته از غلظت سالانه این آلاینده تبدیل شد. سپس با پردازش تصاویر ماهواره لندست-8، پوشش سبز پارک های شهر اصفهان استخراج گردید. سنجه های سیمای سرزمین با استفاده از نرم افزار فرگستتس کمی گردید.

یافته ها: بر اساس نتایج این تحلیل، منطقه 11 در شمال غرب شهر بالاترین میانگین غلظت ذرات PM 2.5 به میزان 62/472 و انحراف معیار 4/91 (در بین 15 منطقه شهری اصفهان) را نشان داد که گویای سطوح بالای آلودگی در این منطقه است. نتایج حاصل از بررسی همبستگی (0/2030 = R2) بین غلظت سالانه ذرات‌معلق PM 2.5 با وسعت پارک ها نشان داد که هرچه وسعت تجمعی پارک‌ها در یک ناحیه شهری بیشتر باشد، متوسط غلظت ذرات‌معلق آن به مراتب پایین‌تر خواهد بود. نتایج نشان داد که تنها وسعت هر پارک و شاخص تفاضل نرمال شده گیاهی آن با غلظت ذرات‌معلق سالانه دارای همبستگی منفی و معنی‌دار به ترتیب به میزان 0/572- و 0/748- در سطح یک صدم (0/00 = p-value)  است.

نتیجه گیری: می توان نتیجه گرفت که استفاده از ظرفیت فیلتراسیون طبیعی پوشش گیاهی پارک ها و فضاهای سبز بزرگتر به طور قابل توجهی به بهبود کیفیت هوا از طریق کاهش غلظت ذرات PM 2.5  کمک می کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Urban Green Space Pattern on the Spatial Distribution of PM2.5 in Isfahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arsalan Moeini 1
  • Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan 2

1 MSc, Environmental Pollution, Department of Environmental Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Department of environmental sciences, Waste and Wastewater Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Parks play a crucial role in modern city structures, serving various ecological functions. This study investigates the role of urban parks in the spatial distribution of PM 2.5.

Materials and Methods: Using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method, the daily values of the concentration of this pollutant, collected by 16 ground monitoring stations, were obtained for a full year from March 22, 2022, to March 20, 2023. Processing Landsat-8 satellite images, the entire green cover of Isfahan city was extracted. Subsequently, the annual concentration of this pollutant was mapped into a continuous map. 

Results: Based on the results, Region 11 in the northwest of the city showed the highest average concentration of PM2.5 in the amount of 62.047 and a standard deviation of 4.091 among the 15 urban regions of Isfahan, indicating high pollution levels in this region. The results of the correlation analysis (R2 = 0.203) between the annual concentration of PM2.5 and the total area of parks indicate that the greater the cumulative area of parks in an urban area, the lower the average concentration of PM2.5. The results showed that only the size of each park and its normalized difference vegetation index with the concentration of annual PM2.5 have a negative and significant correlation of -0.572 and -0.748, respectively, at the one percent level (p-value = 0.00).

Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be inferred that utilizing the natural filtration capacity of park vegetation and larger green spaces significantly improves air quality. 
 
Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Greenspace
  • Particulate Matter
  • Isfahan
  • Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 38
شهریور 1403
صفحه 48-63
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