مقایسه کارایی انباشت زیستی فلزات سنگین در Verbascum speciosum، Acantholimon hohenackeri، Acanthophyllum microcephalum، Euphorbia macroclada رشد یافته در اطراف معادن سرب و روی

صمیمی, محسن; شهریاری مقدم, محسن

doi:10.22038/jreh.2024.23860

نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه صنعتی کرمانشاه، ایران.

² دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22038/jreh.2024.23860

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: گیاه‌پالایی از روش‌های کارآمد در تثبیت، استخراج، محبوس کردن و یا سمیت‌زدایی از آلاینده‌ها با استفاده از گیاهان بشمار می‌رود. این روش ارزان قیمت و دوستدار محیط زیست، موجب احیاء، توسعه پوشش گیاهی و همچنین افزایش فعالیت و رشد میکروارگانیزم‌ها می‌شود. در این مطالعه گونه‌های رشدیافته در خاک‌روبه‌های معادن سرب و روی راونج شناسایی و ارزیابی شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: گیاهان بومی رشد کرده در خاک‌روبه‌های معدنی، از قسمت ریشه جدا شدند. نمونه‌برداری به صورت تصادفی از خاک و گونه‌های گیاهی شناسایی‌شده انجام شد. میزان تجمع فلزات سنگین (سرب، روی، منگنز، کروم، مس، نیکل، کادمیوم و کبالت) در خاک، اندام‌های هوایی و ریشه گیاهان مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. همچنین شاخص‌های تغلیظ زیستی بخش هوایی و ریشه‌ای و عامل انتقال محاسبه گردید.

یافته‌ها: فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، روی، سرب و منگنز به ترتیب بیشترین تجمع را در برگ گیاهان Euphorbia macroclada (3/0±91/17 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم)، Verbascum speciosum (751/42±94/67 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم)، Acanthophyllum microcephalum (272/31±11/73 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و Acanthophyllum microcephalum (594/9±59/76 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) دارا بودند. همچنین فلزات کبالت، کروم، مس و نیکل به ترتیب بیشترین تجمع را در ریشه گیاهان Acantholimon hohenackeri (3/0±17/55 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم)، Acantholimon hohenakeri (20/2±16/28 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم)، Euphorbia macroclada (19/0±51/36 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و Verbascum speciosum (17/0±56/90 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) نشان دادند. گیاه Euphorbia macroclada بیشترین میزان تغلیظ زیستی در اندام هوایی و ریشهای مربوط به فلز کادمیوم (0/40) را از خود نشان داد. همچنین بیشترین میزان عامل انتقال (2/75) مربوط به فلز سرب و توسط گیاه Acantholimon hohenackeri انجام شد.

نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر، گونه‌های مورد بررسی در معدن سرب و روی راونج می‌تواند به عنوان گیاهان مقاوم به فلزات سنگین به منظور کاهش تحرک و فراهمیِ زیستی فلزات سنگین و در نتیجه بهبود کیفیت بافت خاک استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Bioaccumulation efficiency comparison of heavy metals in Verbascum speciosum, Acantholimon hohenackeri, Acanthophyllum microcephalum, and Euphorbia macroclada, grown around lead and zinc mines

نویسندگان [English]

Mohsen Samimi ¹
Mohsen Shahriari Moghadam ²

¹ Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran.

² Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Phytoremediation stands out as one of the effective techniques for stabilizing, extracting, trapping, or detoxifying pollutants utilizing plants. This cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach leads to the revitalization and enhancement of vegetation, along with increased activity and growth of microorganisms. In this study, the species cultivated in the tailings of the lead and zinc mines of Ravanj were identified and assessed.

Materials and Methods: Indigenous plants thriving in mineral tailings were isolated from the root portion. Random sampling of the identified soil and plant species was conducted. The accumulation of heavy metals (lead, zinc, manganese, chromium, copper, nickel, cadmium, and cobalt) in the soil, aerial organs, and roots of plants were quantified. Additionally, the bioconcentration factor of the aerial and root parts and the transfer factor were computed.

Results: Among the heavy metals, cadmium, zinc, lead, and manganese displayed the highest accumulations in the leaves of Euphorbia macroclada (3.91±0.17 mg/kg), Verbascum speciosum (751.94±42.67 mg/kg), Acanthophyllum microcephalum (272.11±31.73 mg/kg), and Acanthophyllum microcephalum (594.59±9.76 mg/kg), respectively. Conversely, cobalt, chromium, copper, and nickel exhibited the most significant accumulations in the roots of Acantholimon hohenackeri (3.17±0.55 mg/kg), Acantholimon hohenakeri (20.16±2.28 mg/kg), Euphorbia macroclada (19.51±0.36 mg/kg), and Verbascum speciosum (17.56±0.90 mg/kg), respectively. Euphorbia macroclada demonstrated the highest bioconcentration in aerial parts and roots concerning cadmium metal (0.40). Furthermore, the Acantholimon hohenackeri plant exhibited the highest transfer factor (2.75), primarily associated with lead metal.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the investigated species within the lead and zinc mines of Ravanj could serve as heavy metal-resistant ecotypes, contributing to the reduction of heavy metal mobility and bioavailability, thereby enhancing soil texture quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

bioconcentration
tailing
polluted soils
bioavailability
Ravanj mine

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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مقایسه کارایی انباشت زیستی فلزات سنگین در Verbascum speciosum، Acantholimon hohenackeri، Acanthophyllum microcephalum، Euphorbia macroclada رشد یافته در اطراف معادن سرب و روی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 36
اسفند 1402
صفحه 349-360

مقایسه کارایی انباشت زیستی فلزات سنگین در Verbascum speciosum، Acantholimon hohenackeri، Acanthophyllum microcephalum، Euphorbia macroclada رشد یافته در اطراف معادن سرب و روی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 36اسفند 1402صفحه 349-360

دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 36
اسفند 1402
صفحه 349-360