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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: مطالعه ریسک و مدیریت پروژه‌های مکان‌یابی محل دفن پسماندها، به‌منظور بهبود عملکرد و کاهش صدمات امری ضروری است. انجام مطالعات ارزیابی ریسک محیط‌زیستی در جهت شناخت بیشتر معیارهای مخرب و اثرات ناشی از آن‌ها، ارائه راهکارهای مفید برای کنترل و مدیریت صحیح لازم است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه ارزیابی ریسک محل دفن پسماند در مرحله بهره‌برداری با تکنیک Bow-tie است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق با استفاده از تکنیک‌های دلفی (Delphi)، فرآیند تحلیل شبکه (ANP) و TOPSIS اقدام به اولویت‌بندی و رتبه‌دهی مهم‌ترین ریسک‌ها در فاز بهره‌برداری محل دفن شهر رشت شد. مدل Bow-Tie جهت ارائه راهکارهای کنترلی و کاهشی استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: در محل دفن پسماند سراوان رشت، بیشترین ریسک‌ها جزء ریسک‌های زیست‌محیطی بود. نتایج اولویت‌بندی در معیار ایمنی- بهداشتی نشان داد که استفاده بیش از اندازه از دفع‌کننده‌ها مانند حشره‌کش‌ها در مکان دفن پسماند سراوان اولویت اول، در معیار محیط‌زیستی، نفوذ شیرابه از کف محل دفن اولویت اول و در معیار اقتصادی- اجتماعی، هزینه‌های بالای کنترل و توسعه محل دفن پسماند مهندسی بهداشتی اولویت اول است.
نتیجه‌گیری: شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی مخاطرات محل دفن نشان می‌دهد که می‌توان راهکارهای مناسبی برای کاهش و کنترل آنها اعمال کرد. معیار مؤثر در ارزیابی ریسک هموار در حال تغییر هستند. انتخاب درست روش شناسایی ریسک به کارایی روش انتخابی جدید و تعیین دقیق ریسک‌ها در محل دفن پسماند می‌انجامد. روش پاپیون، درک واقع‌بینانه‌تری از رابطه بین عوامل مؤثر در بروز خطرات، پیامدها و موانع ایجاد می‌کند که می‌تواند از بروز خطرات در مرحله بهره‌برداری جلوگیری کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Risk management of waste landfill in operation Phase with Bow-tie technique (case study: Saravan city of Rasht)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Talieh Abdolkhani Nezhad 1
  • Seyed Masoud Monavari 2

1 PhD student in Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment,

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: The study aims to examine the risks associated with waste landfill projects during the operational phase, with a focus on improving performance and reducing resulting injuries. Conducting environmental risk assessment studies is essential to better comprehend the hazardous criteria and their impact on the environment, as well as to propose effective solutions for control and management. As the central city of Gilan, Rasht receives over 750 tons of waste daily at the Saravan landfill.
Materials and methods: This research utilizes Delphi techniques, network analysis process (ANP), and TOPSIS to prioritize and rank the most significant risks in the operational phase of the Rasht waste landfill. The Bow-Tie model is employed to develop control and mitigation strategies.
Results: Environmental risks pose the greatest challenges in the Saravan Rasht landfill. Prioritization results, based on safety-sanitary criteria, reveal that the excessive use of repellants, such as insecticides, in the Saravan landfill is of utmost priority. Regarding the environmental criterion, seepage from the bottom of the landfill takes precedence, while the economic-social criterion emphasizes the high costs associated with controlling and developing the waste landfill's health engineering.
Conclusion: Identifying and prioritizing risks in the landfill site facilitates the implementation of appropriate solutions for their reduction and control. The criteria influencing risk assessment are subject to constant change. The selection of an appropriate risk identification method enhances the efficiency of the chosen approach and ensures accurate determination of risks within the waste landfill. The bowtie method provides a more realistic understanding of the relationship between factors influencing risk occurrence, resulting consequences, and barriers that can hinder risks during the operational phase.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • assessment
  • safety-sanitary
  • economic-social
  • ANP
  • TOPSIS
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