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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زمین شناسی زیست محیطی، گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشیار گروه زمین شناسی-دانشکده علوم- دانشگاه ارومیه

3 3- دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: در این مطالعه ارزیابی فلزات سنگین در خاک اطراف شهر زنجان، با بکارگیری شاخص‌های آلودگی، ریسک سرطان‌زایی و غیرسرطان‌زایی و تعیین منشأ فعالیت‌های زمین‌زاد و انسان‌زاد با استفاده از روش‌های آماری پرداخته شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، تعداد 30 نمونه از عمق 20-0 سانتی‌متری خاک برداشته و براساس روش هضم اسیدی توسط آنالیز طیف‌ سنجی پلاسمای جفت‌ شده القایی مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: فاکتور غنی شدگی برای روی و کادمیوم به ترتیب با میانگین 1/42 و 5/34 در رده‌ی غنی شدگی شدید و شاخص زمین انباشت برای کادمیوم با میانگین 8/2 در رده‌ی بالای آلودگی قرار داشت. تغییرات مکانی شاخص بار آلودگی و درجه‌ی آلودگی اصلاح شده نشان داد که در نزدیکی مراکز صنعتی شدت آلودگی بیشتر شده و رگرسیون خطی بین ریسک اکولوژیکی و ضریب میانه دامنه اثر متوسط (903/0=R2) نشان داد که 76 درصد نمونه‌ها در احتمال سمیت قرار گرفته‌اند. کادمیوم در کودکان و بزرگسالان با میانگین شاخص خطر غیرسرطان‌زایی 2 و 5/0 بخصوص در معرض جذب پوستی با میانگین 5/0 بیشترین خطر را داشت. خطر ابتلا به بیماری‌های سرطانی بیشتری را نشان می‌دهد. نتیجه‌ی تعیین منشأ و سهم فلزات سنگین به کمک ارزیابی-های آماری نشان داد که سرب، روی و کادمیوم در نتیجه‌ی فعالیت‌های انسانی و کروم، مس و آرسنیک در نتیجه‌‌ی توأمان فعالیت‌های انسانی و زمین زاد در منطقه تجمع یافته‌اند.
نتیجه‌گیری: پیشنهاد می‌گردد به منظور کاهش اثرات منفی زیست محیطی فلزات سنگین در خاک اطراف شهر زنجان، اقداماتی مانند کاهش ورود آلاینده‌ها و پالایش خاک آلوده صورت گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the health risk, pollution and source of some heavy metals in the soil around Zanjan, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Pardakti 1
  • Hossein Pirkharrati 2
  • Farrokh Asad Zadeh 3

1 PhD student in Environmental Geology, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University,

2 Associate Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University,

3 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University

چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: In this study, heavy metals in the soil around the
Zanjan city, by using indicators of pollution, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic
risk and determining the origin by using statistical methods.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 soil samples were taken from a depth
of 0-20 cm and analyzed based on the method of acid digestion by induction
coupled plasma spectroscopy.
Results: The enrichment factor for zinc and cadmium was in the extreme
enrichment category with an average of 42.1 and 34.5, respectively, and the
land accumulation index for cadmium was in the high pollution category with
an average of 2.8. Spatial changes of the index of pollution load and modified
degree of pollution showed that the intensity of pollution increased near
the industrial centers and the linear regression between the ecological risk
and the median coefficient of the medium effect range (R2=0.903) showed
that 76% of the samples They are in the possibility of toxicity. Cadmium had
the highest risk in children and adults with an average non-carcinogenic risk
index of 2 and 0.5, especially exposed to skin absorption with an average of
0.5. It shows the risk of more cancer diseases. The result of determining the
origin and contribution of heavy metals with the help of statistical evaluations
showed that lead, zinc and cadmium are the result of human activities and
chromium, copper and arsenic are the result of the combination of human and
earth-born activities. have gathered in the area
Conclusion: In order to reduce the negative environmental effects of heavy
metals in the soil of the study area, measures such as reducing the entry of
pollutants into the soil and refining polluted Soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • factor analysis
  • heavy metals
  • pollution index
  • Zanjan city
  • risk assessment
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