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رابطه بین الگوی سیمای سرزمین و پراکنش ذرات معلق (PM2.5) در شهر اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشى اصیل کمی و کیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

2 گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: با توجه به اهمیت مبحث آلودگی هوا به ویژه در کلان شهر اصفهان، هدف اصلی این مطالعه ارزیابی وضعیت کیفیت هوای شهر اصفهان از نظر ذرات معلق و یافتن رابطه بین الگوی سیمای سرزمین و ذرات معلق است.
مواد و روش ها: برای اندازه گیری غلظت ذرات معلق با استفاده از دستگاه غبارسنج مِت وان در 52 نقطه شهر به طور تصادفی نمونه برداری صورت گرفت. نقشه کاربری اراضی شهر اصفهان با روش طبقه بندی حداکثر احتمال در نرم افزار Terrset تولید شد. به منظور ایجاد نقشه ی پراکنش ذرات معلق، از روش وزن دهی معکوس فاصله در نرم افزار ArcGIS استفاده شد. از متریکهای (آنتروپی نرمال، تراکم حاشیه، مساحت لکه، غنای نسبی و فشردگی لکه) و شاخص نرمال‌شده تفاوت پوشش گیاهی (NDVI) برای کمی سازی وضعیت سیمای سرزمین استفاده شد. این متریک‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار FRAGSTATS کمی شدند.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که پوشش گیاهی اثر کاهشی بر میزان آلودگی هوا دارد، به طوری که همبستگی منفی و معنی داری بین PM2.5 و NDVI مشاهده شد، بدین معنی که با افزایش تراکم پوشش گیاهی، میزان ذرات معلق کاهش یافته است.
نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی در این تحقیق با محاسبۀ غلظت ذرات معلق در شهر اصفهان مشخص شد که مناطق جنوب غرب، جنوب، و جنوب شرق اصفهان در معرض تماس با ذرات معلق بیشتری قرار دارند. تراکم بالای سیمای سرزمین از نوع فضای سبز منجر به کاهش آلاینده ذرات معلق می‌شود. از تحلیل تغییرات ذرات معلق منطقه این طور استنباط شد که هر چه به سمت مناطقی که پوشش گیاهی ضعیفتری دارند پیش برویم، میزان بالاتری از غلظت ذرات معلق مشاهده می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Landscape Pattern and Dispersion of PM2.5 in Isfahan city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Peyman Ghalamkari 1
  • Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan 2

1 Department of environmental sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of environmental science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and purpose: Regarding the status of air pollution in Isfahan, this study aims to evaluate the air quality of Isfahan due to Particulate Matter and find the relationship between landscape patterns and suspended particles.
Materials and methods: to measure the concentration of the suspended particles using a Met One dust meter in 52 points, the city was randomly sampled. The land use map of Isfahan city was prepared after downloading satellite images from the site of the United States Geological Survey. The land use map was generated in six classes with the maximum likelihood classification method in Terrset software. To create the distribution map of suspended particles, the information of 52 stations and inverse distance weighting method in ArcGIS 10.5 was used. Landscape metrics (Normalized Entropy, Edge Density, Patch Area, Relative Richness, and Patch Compactness) were used to quantify the pattern of landscape. The landscape metrics were quantified using FRAGSTATS software.
Results: The results showed that vegetation has a reducing effect on air pollution. A positive and significant correlation was observed between the amount of suspended particles and relative richness. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between PM2.5 and (NDVI), which means that the amount of suspended particles decreased with increasing vegetation density. 
Conclusion: In general, by calculating the concentration of suspended particles in Isfahan, it was found that the southwest, south, and southeast are exposed to more suspended particles. The high density of green space landscaping leads to a reduction of particulate matter pollution. From the analysis of changes in suspended particles in the region, it was inferred that the more we move to areas with weaker vegetation, the higher the concentration of suspended particles.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air pollution
  • Particulate matter
  • Landscape metrics
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30
مرداد 1401
صفحه 123-135
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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