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پهنه بندی پراکنش فلزات سنگین رسوبات سطحی در تالاب انزلی بااستفاده از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی(GIS)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران- و عضو وابسته گروه مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، پژوهشکده حوضه آبی دریای خزر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه تولید و بهره‌برداری، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

3 دکتری، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، صومعه‌سرا، ایران.

4 دکتری، گروه تولید و بهره‌برداری، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

5 کارشناس ارشد، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: پایش رسوبات در محیط های آبی بدلیل نقش آنها در آلایندگی اهمیت بسزایی دارد. این مطالعه با هدف پایش آلودگی برخی فلزات سنگین(کادمیم، مس،آهن،سرب و روی) در رسوبات سطحی تالاب انزلی صورت گرفت.
مواد وروش ها: بدین منظور نمونه های رسوب از سه بخش شرقی؛ غربی و مرکزی تالاب در فصول مختلف 1399جمع آوری شدند. در ادامه با استفاده از Arc GIS 10.7 پهنه بندی فلزات رسوب تالاب صورت گرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد بیشترین غلظت در منطقه غربی تالاب مشاهده شد. میانگین غلظت فلزات سنگین در رسوبات تالاب برای مس(18/47) ، روی(74/15)، کادمیوم(0/67)، سرب(12/05)و آهن(1/97) میلیگرم برکیلوگرم در بخش غربی بدست آمد. در این بررسی ترتیب غلظت فلزات مورد بررسی در نمونه های رسوب در هر سه منطقه بصورت‌ کادمیوم< آهن < سرب< مس<روی بدست آمد. ارزیابی همبستگی پیرسون نیز ارتباط قوی و معنادار(در سطح 0/05)بین سرب با مس و روی را نشان داد. براساس نقشه پهنه بندی بخش های واقع در حدواسط مرکز تا غرب تالاب مقادیر بالاتری از فلزات را در رسوبات خود جای داده است.
نتیجه گیری:در مجموع فعالیت های مختلف انسانی و توسعه صنایع و وجود اراضی کشاورزی در محدوده تالاب انزلی و رودخانه های ورودی را می توان از عوامل موثر بر آلودگی دانست. لذا با پایش مستمر زیستی و اکولوژیکی تالاب می توان رآوردی از میزان فلزات سنگین و سهم هرکدام در تالاب پی برد. همچنین مدیریت در راستای حفاظت و پایش از تالاب ضروری بنظر می رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Zonation of heavy metal distribution of surface sediments in Anzali wetland Using Geographical Information System (GIS)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Mohammadi 1
  • Ali Akbar Hedayati 2
  • Mohammad Forouhar Vajargah 3
  • Ahmad Reza Pirali 4
  • Maryam Fallah 5

1 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran- and Department of Water and Environmental, Caspian Sea Basin research center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Ph. D, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran

4 Ph. D, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

5 MSc. Department of Environmental Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan,Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Sediment monitoring in aquatic environments is very important due to long-term exposure of various pollutants. This study was conducted to monitor the pollution of some heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in the surface sediments of Anzali wetland.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose,
sediment samples were collected from east, west and central parts of the wetland in different seasons of 2020. Heavy metals contamination zoning for sediments in the study area was performed using Arc GIS 10.7
Results: The results showed that the highest level of contaminants were obtained in the western part of the wetland. The average concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments were related to Cu (18.47), Zn (74.15), Cd (0.67), Pb (12.05) and Fe (1.97) mg. kg-1 in the western part. The pattern of changes of studied metals was in conformity with Cd 0.05) between Pb, Cu and Zn. According to the zoning map of the parts located in the middle of the center to the west of the wetland, higher amounts of metals have been deposited in its sediments.
Conclusion: In general, various human activities and the development of industries and the existence of agricultural lands in the area of Anzali Wetland and incoming rivers can be considered as factors affecting pollution. Therefore, with continuous biological and ecological monitoring of the wetland, it is possible to estimate the amount of heavy metals and the share of each in the wetland. Also, management in order to protect and monitor the wetland seems necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollution
  • Wetland
  • Inverse weight distance method
  • Pb
  • Sediment
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 7، شماره 4
اسفند 1400
صفحه 323-331
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