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نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، علوم پزشکی تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده


زمینه و هدف: هلیکوباکتر پیلوری، شایع‌ترین پاتوژن گوارشی است که بیش از نیمی از مردم دنیا آلوده به این باکتری می‌باشند. هلیکوباکتر پیلوری باکتری، عامل زخم گوارشی (گاستریت مزمن)، سرطان معده، لمفوم و آدنوکارسینوم می‌باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف کاربرد روش واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمرازی (PCR) برای حضور هلیکوباکتر پیلوری شیر آب مصرفی و آب چاه بیمارستان‌های منتخب شهر تهران سال 1399 انجام‌ گرفت. مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی خوشه‌ای تصادفی، نمونه‌ها از شیر آب مصرفی سیستم توزیع آب آشامیدنی ۲۲ نمونه و آب چاه ۶ نمونه از بیمارستان‌های منتخب در نواحی مختلف شهر تهران از تاریخ 15 شهریور تا 30 آبان 1399 تهیه شد. نمونه‌ها در ظروف استریل بر اساس دستورالعمل روش‌های استاندارد ملی جمع‌آوری شد. هلیکوباکتر پیلوری در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمرازی (PCR) و کشت‌ سطحی ارزیابی ‌شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS، ورژن 18 انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه شیوع هلیوباکتر پیلوری با روش PCR، 2 مورد (10/3 درصد) گزارش شد. میانگین تعداد هلیوباکتر پیلوری در میلی‌لیتر نمونه‌های شیر آب مصرفی و آب چاه به‌ترتیب 0/18±0/85 و 0/67±1/63 بود. میانگین تعداد باکتری‌های بشقابی هترتروفی در میلی‌لیتر نمونه‌های شیر آب‌ مصرفی و آب چاه بیمارستان‌های منتخب شهر تهران به‌ترتیب 0/0±0/0 و 2/10±7/83 بود. میانگین تعداد باکتری‌های کلیفرم، اشرشیا کلی، پسودوموناس آئروژینوزا، کلستریدیوم پرفرینژینس و استرپتوکوکوس فکالیس در 100 میلی‌لیتر نمونه‌های شیر آب مصرفی 0/0±0/0 بود. نتیجه‌گیری: هلیکوباکتر پیلوری به‌علت مقاومت تحت شرایط نامساعد محیطی ماندگاری بالایی در محیط آبی دارد و حذف آن شاخصی از بهداشت محیط مناسب خواهد بود. کنترل آلودگی و استراتژی‌های پیشگیری به‌منظور کاهش خطر حضور هلیکوباکتر پیلوری برای تهیه‌ منابع آب سالم به مقامات بهداشت عمومی ‌پیشنهاد می‌شود. بررسی کیفیت بیولوژیکی (باکتری هتروتروفی، کلیفرم، اشرشیا کلی، پسودوموناس آئروژینوزا، کلستریدیوم پرفرینژینس، استرپتوکوکوس فکالیس)، کیفیت فیزیکی- شیمیایی آب و هلیکوباکتر پیلوری، از جمله نقاط قوت و نوآوری این تحقیق محسوب می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Survey the existence of Helicobacter pylori iin the consumption tap of selected hospitals in Tehran city by polymerase chain reactions in 2020

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narjes Bagheri 1
  • Giti Kashi 2
  • Hamid Reza Tashauoei 3

1 MSc student of Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, & Water Purification Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Aim: Helicobacter pylori is the most common gastrointestinal pathogen infecting more than half of the world's population. Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that causes gastrointestinal ulcers (chronic gastritis), stomach cancer, lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to apply the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for investigating Helicobacter pylori in the tap water of selected hospitals in Tehran in 2020.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 22 tap water samples and six well water samples were randomly gathered from the selected hospitals in different areas of Tehran from September 5 to November 20, 2020. The samples were collected in sterile bottles according to the procedure detailed in national standard methods. In this study, Helicobacter pylori was evaluated using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and surface culture. Data analysis was done by SPSS18 software.  
Results: This study showed Helicobacter pylori in two samples (10.3%) by PCR. The mean values of Helicobacter pylori in tap water and well water samples were 0.18 ± 0.85 and 0.67±1.63, respectively. The mean values of heterotrophic plate count in tap water and well water samples were 0.00 ±0.00 and 7.83±2.10, respectively. The mean values of coliforms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium perfringens, and Streptococcus faecalis in tap water were 0.00 ±0.00.
Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori has high persistence in the aquatic environment due to resistance in harsh environments and its absence will be an indicator of proper environmental health. So, according to our results, infection control and preventive strategies to reduce the risk of exposure to Helicobacter pylori for safe water supply are purposed to public health authorities. The evaluation of the biological quality of water (heterotrophic bacteria, coliforms, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium perfringens, and Streptococcus faecalis), physicochemical quality of water, and Helicobacter pylori in water is among the strengths and innovations of this research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Helicobacter pylori
  • Heterotrophic Plate Count
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
  • Surface Culture
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