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نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسنده

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اقلید

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: آلودگی هوا در محیط‌های بسته نظیر مراکز خرید از طریق خودروها، به‌واسطه مجاورت با خیابان‌ها و ازدحام جمعیت تحت تأثیر قرار می‌گیرد. علی‌رغم تأثیر آلاینده‌ها در سلامت جامعه، آلودگی هوا در بازارهای سنتی با تهویه طبیعی کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی میزان سطح برخی آلاینده‌های هوا در سه بازار سنتی اصفهان (سرای مخلص، قنادی‌ها و قهوه‌کاشی‌ها) واقع در میدان نقش جهان انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: غلظت آلاینده‌های دی‌اکسید گوگرد، دی‌اکسید نیتروژن، ازن و ذرات معلق با استفاده از دستگاه Aeroqual S500 با روش اندازه‌گیری مستقیم اندازه‌گیری شد و جمعیت باکتری‌ها و قارچ‌ها با استفاده از پمپ نمونه‌گیری Flite 3 (SKC) در یک دوره 9 ماهه از پاییز 1397 تا بهار 1398 تعیین گردید.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج، غلظت آلاینده‌ها در روزهای پایانی هفته به مراتب بالاتر است. در تمام ایستگاه‌ها غلظت ازن نزدیک به صفر بود، اما SO2، NO2 و ذرات معلق بالاتر از حد استاندارد بود. کیفیت هوا در سرای مخلص و قنادی‌ها بحرانی‌تر از قهوه کاشی‌ها بود. بیشترین جمعیت باکتری‌ها و قارچ‌ها به‌ترتیب متعلق به خانواده باسیل‌های گِرم مثبت و گونه‌های پنی‌سیلیوم بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: فقدان سیستم تهویه از یک‌سو و تردد موتورسیکلت‌ها همراه با فعالیت‌های شغلی متنوع، سبب افزایش غلظت آلاینده‌ها در بازار سنتی اصفهان شده است. با توجه به حضور طولانی‌مدت مغازه‌داران بازار و تردد مردم در این محیط، توجه به کیفیت هوا و ارائه راهکارهایی برای کاهش غلظت آلاینده­های هوا ضروری است.
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of indoor air pollution in traditional bazaars- Case study in Naqsh-e-Jahan square of Isfahan in 2018-2019

نویسنده [English]

  • Arezoo Tavakoli

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Air quality in indoor environments such as shopping places is affected by vehicles, in consequence of vicinity with streets and overcrowding. Despite the effect of air pollutants on community health, less attention has been paid to air pollution in traditional bazaars with natural ventilation. The aim of this study is to evaluate concentration of some air pollutants in three traditional bazaars (Sarai-e-Mokhles, Ghanadiha and Ghahvehkashiha) in Isfahan, placed at the Naqsh-e-Jahan Square.
Materials and methods: The concentration of SO2, NO2, O3, Particulate Matters (PM2.5 & PM10) were determined by Aeroqual S500 using a direct assay method. The population of fungi and bacterial were determined by Flite 3 sampling pump (SKC) during a nine-month period from autumn 2018 to spring 2019. 
Results: Based on results, the pollutant concentrations were much higher at the end of the weeks. In all stations, O3 concentration was close to zero but the concentrations of SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 demonstrated higher concentrations than that of the standards. The air quality in Sarai-e-Mokhles and Ghanadiha are more critical than Ghahvehkashiha. The gram-positive Bacillus and Penicillium sp were the most population of bacteria and fungi, respectively.
Conclusion: The lack of a ventilation system, various occupational activities, as well as the traffic of motorcycles increased the concentration of pollutants in the bazaars. Based on the long-term presence of market shopkeepers and high people density, it is necessary to pay more attention to air quality and to provide solutions to reduce air pollutant concentrations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air pollution
  • Bazar
  • Measurement particles
  • Sulphur dioxide
  • Nitrogen dioxide
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