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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم،قم، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط قم

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: آب سالم و بهداشتی یکی از فاکتورهای حیاتی برای زندگی بشر است. گواه این مطلب وجود استانداردهای سختگیرانه مختلف مثل WHO و EPA در دنیا و استاندارد 1053 در ایران در سالیان اخیر می باشد. این مطالعه به منظور ارزیابی اثر تغییرات فصلی (بهار و پاییز) بر روی خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی آب آشامیدنی در روستای سفید الله استان قم انجام شد.
مواد و روشها: سنجش پارامترهایی نظیر: PH، کدورت، هدایت الکتریکی، سختی، کلرور، نیترات، نیتریت، فسفات، آمونیاک، سولفات، فلوراید، کربنات، بی کربنات، کلسیم، منیزیم، سدیم، پتاسیم و منگنز مطابق روش های استاندارد آب های آشامیدنی(استاندارد 1053) انجام شد. اندازه گیری شاخص های فیزیکی و شیمیایی به وسیله سازمان آب و فاضلاب روستایی قم از منابع آب آشامیدنی روستای سفید الله در دو فصل بهار و پاییز در سالهای 1390 و 1391 انجام شد.
نتایج: میانگین کلی کلر باقیمانده، کدورت، PH، کل جامدات محلول(TDS)، سختی کل و قلیائیت کل به ترتیب 0 (mg/l)، 0.995 (NTU)، 7.41، 1037.5 (mg/l)، 478 (mg/l)، 288 (mg/l)گزارش شد. نتایج، حاکی از آن بود در بین کاتیون ها و آنیون ها به ترتیب توالی: پتاسیم< منیزیم< کلسیم< سدیم و آمونیاک - بی کربنات< نیتریت< فسفات< فلوراید< نیترات< کلرور< بی کربنات< سولفات برقرار بود. غلظت PH، بی کربنات و منیزیم از حداکثر مجاز توصیه شده بالاتر بود. همچنین تنها میانگین غلظتکدورت، کلسیم، سدیم و پتاسیم در فصل بهار، نسبت به فصل پائیز بالاتر بود.
نتیجه گیری: به عنوان نتیجه گیری کلی، تغییر فصول باعث تغییراتی در برخی از شاخص های تحت بررسی شده بود. درنهایت این مطلب برداشت شد که کیفیت آب آشامیدنی روستای سفیدالله، با اصلاح بعضی از پارامتر ها، مشکلی برای مصرف آب شرب ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Survey of seasonal changes in physical-chemical properties of drinking water in Sefid-allah village of Qom province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Hosseini 1
  • Reza Foladifard 2

1 Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.

2 Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and purpose: The safe and health drinking water is one of the vital factors of human life. The reason for this issue is the existence of various strict standards as WHO and EPA in the world and 1053 standard in Iran in the recent years. This study was implemented to evaluate the effect of seasonal changes (spring and autumn) on the physical and chemical properties of drinking water in Sefid-allah village of Qom province.
Materials and methods: Measurement of physical and chemical indicators was carried out by the rural wastewater organization of Qom from the potable water sources of Sefid-allah village in two seasons spring and autumn 1390 and 1391. Analyze of parameters like pH, Turbidity, EC, Hardness, CL, NO3−, NO2− , PO34−, NH3, SO42−, F−, CO32−, HCO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and Mn2+ was done according to the standard methods of drinking waters (1053 standard).
Results: The mean of residual chlorine, Turbidity, pH, TDS, Total Hardness and Alkalinity reported 0 (mg/lit), 0.995 (NTU), 7.41, 1037.5 (mg/l), 478 (mg/l) and 288 (mg/l, respectively. The results showed that, in among Cations and Anions there are the following sequence was established: Na+> Ca2+> Mg2+> K+ and SO42− > HCO3− > CL− > NO3− > F− > PO34−> NO2− > NH3- HCO3−, respectively. The concentration of pH, HCO3− and Mn2+ were higher than the limited value of the standard. As such, only the concentration average of Turbidity, Ca2+, Na+ and K+ in spring were more than autumn.
Conclusion:In conclusion, shift in seasons caused changes in some of the indicators under review. Finally, was found that the quality of drinking water of Sefid-allah village, by correcting some of the parameters, there is no problem for used to drinking water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Physical indicators
  • chemical indicators
  • Drinking water
  • Qom
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