نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد بهداشت محیط، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 استاد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: در طی دهههای اخیر، فعالیتهای انسانی و تغییرات مرتبط با شیوههای زندگی و الگوی مصرف، منجر به تولید حجم زیادی از انواع مختلفی از پسماندها شده است. بهداشت و درمان، یکی از بخشهایی است که پیشرفت قابل ملاحظه‌ای را در جهان داشته است. با این حال چنین به نظر میرسد که بخشی از پسماندهای تولیدی در واحدهای پزشکی که تحت عنوان پسماندهای ویژه یا زائدات کلینیکی نامیده میشوند، خصوصاً در کشورهای در حال توسعه مورد توجه جدی قرار نگرفته‌اند. بر این اساس، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی مدیریت پسماندهای عفونی و تیز و برنده در بیمارستانهای آموزشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه توصیفی - مقطعی در پاییز سال 1392 در 12 بیمارستان آموزشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی انجام شد. به منظور انجام این پژوهش، ابتدا پرسشنامه‌ای طراحی و اعتباربخشی گردید، سپس با مراجعه حضوری به بیمارستان‌ها، اطلاعات مورد نیاز شامل ( تولید، تفکیک، جمع آوری، ذخیره سازی، بی خطرسازی، حمل و نقل و دفع پسماندهای تولیدی) جمع‌آوری گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS، ورژن 16 و Excel صورت گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد در بیمارستانهای آموزشی شهید بهشتی روزانه 3387kg زباله عفونی و تیز و برنده تولید میشود. تمام بیمارستانهای شهید بهشتی به سیستم بی‌خطرساز غیرسوز مجهز بوده، ولی تنها در 83/3 درصد از بیمارستانهای مورد مطالعه، بی‌خطرسازی صورت می‌گرفت، لذا مقادیری از پسماندهای عفونی بدون طی مراحل بی‌خطرسازی با پسماندهای شهری دفع میشوند.
نتیجه‌گیری: در مجموع وضعیت مدیریت پسماند در بیمارستانهای مورد مطالعه تا حدودی مطلوب بود، ولی با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، در برخی موارد نیازمند توجهات بیشتر میباشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Assessment of Waste Management in educational hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2013
نویسندگان [English]
- Mona Tabriziazad 1
- Anooshiravan Mohseni Band-pay 2
1 1. Msc, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Over the last several decades, huge amounts of different kinds of wastes have been produced by human activities and alterations in man’s lifestyle and consumption patterns. Medical sciences are among the world’s top advanced professional sections. However, it seems that a portion of the produced wastes in medical units called "special wastes" or "clinical wastes", have not been seriously taken into consideration especially in developing countries, This study examined the Waste Management assessment in educational hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 educational hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in autumn 2013. First, a questionnaire was designed and its validity was approved. Then, the required data including (production, segregation, storage, collection, treating, transportation, and Disposal) was gathered during visits to participating hospitals. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 16.
.
Results:Findings showed that the daily production of infectious and sharps wastes in the studied hospitals generally equaled 3387 kg. All hospitals were equipped with non-incineration systems; however, only 83.3% of them were active. Therefore, some infectious wastes were disposed of along with urban wastes without being sterilized.
Conclusion: Overall, waste management in hospitals was relatively appropriate, but due to the importance of the issue, it needs to pay more attention in some cases.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Key Words: Waste Management
- Sharp Waste
- Infectious Waste
- Hospital
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