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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای قارچ‌شناسی، استادیار بخش بهداشت و بیماری‌های آبزیان، پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران.

2 دکترای علوم زیستی، دانشیار بخش اکولوژی، پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ، ساری، ایران.

3 فوق لیسانس بیوفیریک، کارشناس ارشد آزمایشگاه، پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران.

4 فوق لیسانس شیلات، مربی بخش تکثیر و پرورش، پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: مهم‌ترین مسئله در انتخاب منابع تأمین آب شرب، عاری بودن آنها از عوامل مخاطره­آمیز بهداشت انسانی خصوصاً عوامل عفونی است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی کمی و شناسایی عوامل قارچی موجود در آب دریاچه سد شهید رجایی از دیدگاه بهداشتی در جهت استفاده از آن برای تأمین آب شرب شهر ساری انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه نمونه‌برداری از پنج ایستگاه، طی شش مرحله در سال 1392 انجام گرفت. از هر نمونه دو رقت 1-10 و 100 تهیه و میزان mL 500 از آن در محیط سابرودکستروز آگار کشت داده شد و در دمای C°30-27 برای 5-3 روز گرم خانه‌گذاری گردید. پرگنه­ها پس از شمارش، خالص‌سازی و شناسایی شدند. در این بررسی پارامترهای دما، pH، BOD5 و COD نیز اندازه‌گیری شدند.
یافته ­ها: تعداد پرگنه ­های قارچی جداسازی شده در تیر و مرداد افزایش معنی­دار و در بهمن کاهش معنی­داری داشت ( P<0/05). در بین ایستگاه­ها، تاج سد در تمام ماه­­ ها بالاترین میزان شمارش عوامل قارچی را داشت. ضریب همبستگی بین تعداد پرگنه ­های قارچی جداسازی شده و فاکتورهای دما، BOD5 و COD به ترتیب 0/87، 0/60 و 0/66 بود. عوامل قارچی شناسایی شده به ترتیب درصد فراوانی آسپرژیلوس (31/4 درصد)، انواع مخمر (24/2 درصد)، پنیسلیوم (19/3 درصد)، کلادوسپوریوم (10/3 درصد)، موکور (5/4 درصد)، فوزاریوم (2/9 درصد)، آلترناریا (2/3 درصد)، هایف استریل (2/8 درصد) و پسیلومایسس (1/4 درصد) بودند.
نتیجه­ گیری:بالاترین ضریب همبستگی بین میزان جداسازی عوامل قارچی با فاکتورهای فیزیکوشیمیایی به ترتیب با دما، COD و BOD5 بود و این فاکتورها نقش مستقیمی در تغییرات کمی پرگنه ­های قارچی جداسازی شده از آب داشتند. همچنین عوامل قارچی جداسازی شده شامل قارچ‌های بیماری‌زای فرصت‌طلب برای انسان و نیز مولد سم بودند که دارای مخاطرات بهداشتی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of fungi in Rajaeii dam laeke water and evaluation of its health quality as drinking water source

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Ghiasi 1
  • Hassan Narollahzadeh Saravi 2
  • Mohammad Binaii 3
  • Mahmod ghanei tehrani 4

1 Assistant Professor and Academic Member, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center (CSERC),Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute(IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Mazandararn, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Academic Member, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center (CSERC), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Mazandararn, Iran

3 M. Sc., Graduate of Biophsic, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center (CSERC), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI),Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Mazandararn, Iran

4 Researcher in Fishery, Academic Member, Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center (CSERC), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Mazandararn, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Being free from human health risk factors is considered as the most important parameter of drinking water sources.The aim of the present study was quantative evaluation and identification of fungi in water of Shahid Rajaeii dam lake, and assessment of its health quality as drinking water source of Sari (Mazandaran province).
Materials and Methods: In the present study, samples were taken from five stations in six stages  from June to February 2012. Every sample was diluted by sterile saline (100 and 10-1) and was cultured on SD and incubated at 27-30°C for 3-5 days. Finally, the number of colonies was recorded as Colony Forming Unit (CFU) per 100 mL. Also, teamperature, BOD5 and COD were measured.
Results: The results showed that the numbers of isolated fungal colonies were significantly highest and lowest in August and February respectively. Moreover, the number of fungal colonies in the dam crown station was significantly higher than other stations. The correlation coefficient between the number of isolated colonies and the temperature, BOD5 and COD were 0.87, 0.60 and 0.66 respectively. The frequency of identified fungi were Aspergillus species (31.4%), various types of yeast (mainly Candida) (24.2%), Penicillium sp. (19.3%), Cladosporium sp.(10.3%), Mucor sp. (5.4%), Fusarium sp. (2.9%), sterile hype (2.8%), Alternaria sp. (2.3%) and Paecilomyces sp. (1.4%).
Summery: The results  showed the highest correlation coefficient between the counts of fungi and the changes in temperature, BOD5 and COD correspondingly. These factors play an important role in the fungal colonies counts. Moreover, the most fungal isolates were pathogenic, toxigenic and hazard to public health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fungi
  • Health quality
  • Drinking water
  • Aspergillus
  • BOD5
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