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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

ارزیابی ریسک سلامت سرطان‌زایی و غیرسرطان‌زایی فلزات سنگین در رودخانه قزل اوزن و انگوران چای، شهرستان ماهنشان

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان
حسین نوری 1
فاطمه رجایی 2
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست، گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران.
10.22038/jreh.2026.28377
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: فلزات سنگین به‌علت ثبات شیمیایی و قابلیت تجمع در بافت زنده از مضرترین آلاینده‌های موجود در منابع آب می‌باشند. تحقیق حاضر با هدف تعیین ریسک سرطان‌زایی و غیرسرطان‌زایی فلزات سنگین در منابع آب سطحی شهرستان ماهنشان در استان زنجان برای دو گروه سنی کودک و بزرگسالان از دو مسیر بلع و مواجهه پوستی انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه غلظت فلزات سنگین در 8 ایستگاه در رودخانه‌های قزل اوزن و انگوران چای مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.

یافته‌ها: میانگین غلظت فلزات آرسنیک، روی، سرب، منگنز و منیزیم در ایستگاه‌های مورد پایش در فصل خشک به‌ترتیب 0/013، 0/023، 0/015، 0/04 و 0/069 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به‌دست آمد. در تعدادی از ایستگاه‌های مورد پایش غلظت آرسنیک و سرب از استاندارد آب آشامیدنی سازمان بهداشت جهانی (WHO) بالاتر بود. فلز کادمیوم، نیکل، مس، کروم و جیوه در هیچ یک از ایستگاه‌ها مشاهده نگردید. میانگین کل جذب روزانه مزمن (TMCDI) برای تمام فلزات در کودکان بیش‌تر از بزرگسالان گزارش شد. نسبت خطر غیرسرطان‌زایی (HQ) از مسیر بلع، مسیر غالب مواجه با فلزات در بزرگسالان و کودکان بود. نتایج نشان داد آرسنیک دارای HQ بالاتر از یک برای هر دو مسیر بلع و مواجهه پوستی است و برای فلزات روی، منیزیم و سرب برای هر دو گروه سنی زیر حد آستانه خطر گزارش شد (HQ<). مقادیر ریسک سرطان‌زایی (CR) برای هر دو فلز آرسنیک و سرب (مجموع بلع و جذب پوستی) برای بزرگسالان به‌ترتیب 4-10× 6/1 و 6-10×3/8 و برای کودکان 0/00139 و6-10 ×8/7 است. مقادیر خطر سرطان‌زایی محاسبه شده برای آرسنیک و سرب (هر دو مسیر مواجهه) برای بزرگسالان و کودکان بالاتر از آستانه ریسک قابل قبول سرطانزیی است که نشان‌دهنده نگرانی قابل توجه برای سلامت انسانی است.

نتیجه‌گیری: این نتایج نشان‌دهنده اهمیت نظارت مداوم و مقررات سخت‌گیرانه برای حفاظت از ریسک سلامت انسانی است. توصیه می‌شود مسئولین محلی پایش کیفیت آب را افزایش داده و اقدامات پیشگیرانه برای کاهش آلودگی منابع آب سطحی به فلزات سنگین را در برنامه‌های آتی منطقه داشته باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
ارزیابی ریسک سلامت
آب سطحی
فلزات سنگین
ماهنشان

عنوان مقاله English

Health Risk Assessment of Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Heavy Metals in the Ghezel Ozan and Angouran Chai Rivers, Mahneshan County

نویسندگان English

Hossein Nouri 1
Fatemeh Rajaei 2
1 M.Sc. Student of Environmental Science, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objective: Heavy metals are among the most harmful pollutants in water resources due to their chemical stability and ability to accumulate in living tissue. The present study aimed to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of heavy metals in surface water resources of Mahneshan County in Zanjan Province for two age groups: children and adults, via two routes of ingestion and dermal exposure.

Materials and Methods: In this study, heavy metal concentrations were investigated at 8 stations in the Ghezel Ozan and Angouran Chay rivers.

Results: The average concentrations of As, Zn, Pb, Mn and Mg metals at the monitoring stations in the dry season were 0.013, 0.023, 0.015, 0.04 and 69 mg/l, respectively. In a number of monitoring stations, the concentrations of arsenic and lead were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard. Cadmium, nickel, copper, chromium and mercury were not observed at any of the stations. The mean total chronic daily intake (TMCDI) for all metals was reported to be higher in children than in adults. The non-carcinogenic hazard ratio (HQ) from the ingestion route was the dominant route of exposure to metals in adults and children. The results showed that arsenic had a HQ higher than one for both ingestion and dermal exposure routes, and for zinc, magnesium and lead metals, it was reported below the risk threshold for both age groups (HQ<1). The carcinogenic risk values (CR) for both arsenic and lead (sum of ingestion and dermal absorption) for adults are 1.6 × 10-4 and 3.8 × 10-6, respectively, and for children are 0.00139 and 7.8 × 10-6. The calculated carcinogenic risk values for arsenic and lead (both exposure routes) for adults and children are above the acceptable carcinogenic risk threshold, indicating a significant concern for human health.

Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of continuous monitoring and strict regulations to protect human health risk. It is recommended that local authorities increase water quality monitoring and include preventive measures to reduce heavy metal contamination of surface water sources in future plans in the region.

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Health Risk Assessment
Surface Water
Heavy Metals
Mahneshan
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده
انتشار آنلاین از 24 شهریور 1405