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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

ارزیابی پتروژئوشیمیایی غلظت و منشأ فلزات سنگین در سنگ‌ها و خاک سرخ جزیره هرمز

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان
نجمیه غلامی 1
شهرام بیک پور 2
سیدجمال شیخ ذکریایی 2
محمد هاشم امامی 2
1 دانشجوی دکتری زمین شناسی، گروه علوم زمین، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران ، ایران
2 گروه علوم زمین، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
10.22038/jreh.2026.28044
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: جزیره هرمز، واقع در دهانه تنگه هرمز و ورودی خلیج فارس، به‌دلیل موقعیت ژئولوژیکی ویژه و نزدیکی به مراکز صنعتی و بندری، یکی از مناطق حساس برای بررسی آلاینده‌های محیط‌زیستی محسوب می‌شود. بخش عمده‌ای از این جزیره از رسوبات تبخیری–کربناتی نئوپروتروزوئیک تشکیل شده است. هدف این پژوهش، سنجش غلظت و منشأ فلزات سنگین در سنگ‌ها و خاک‌های سرخ جزیره و ارزیابی وضعیت آلودگی و ریسک اکولوژیک آن‌ها است.

مواد و روش‌ها: نمونه‌های مورد نیاز از واحدهای سنگی و خاک سرخ برداشت شد و غلظت عناصر آرسنیک، آهن، کادمیوم، تیتانیوم و وانادیوم با استفاده از روش‌های XRF و ICP MS اندازه‌گیری گردید. برای افزایش دقت، تعداد ۶ نمونه اضافی نیز با روش ICP MS مورد آنالیز تکمیلی قرار گرفت.

یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد غلظت آرسنیک در خاک‌های سرخ (حدود 151/2ppm) و سنگ آهک (تا 130ppm) به‌ترتیب بیش از ۶۰ و ۵۲ برابر میانگین پوسته قاره‌ای بالای است که بیانگر آلودگی شدید این عنصر است. غلظت آهن در سنگ آهک (395/763ppm) و نمک (187/460ppm) نسبتاً بالا بوده و منشأیی ترکیبی از فرآیندهای زمین‌زاد و فعالیت‌های انسان‌زاد دارد. در مقابل، غلظت کادمیوم و وانادیوم عمدتاً در محدوده‌ی طبیعی قرار گرفتند. ارزیابی ریسک اکولوژیک نشان داد که تمامی نمونه‌ها به‌جز نمونه آهکی دارای ریسک کم هستند، در حالی‌که این نمونه با ضریب آلودگی بسیار بالای کادمیوم و ریسک تک‌فلزی شدید در طبقه «ریسک زیاد» قرار گرفت.

نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش با ارائه‌ی داده‌های ژئوشیمیایی دقیق و تحلیل ریسک، مبنایی علمی برای مدیریت زیست‌محیطی و برنامه‌ریزی حفاظتی در این منطقه حساس فراهم می‌آورد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
خاک
سنگ
ارزیابی ژئوشیمی
رسوبات
نقشه هم‌پراکنش

عنوان مقاله English

Petrogeochemical Evaluation of the Concentration and Origin of Heavy Metals in Rocks and Red Soil of Hormuz Island

نویسندگان English

Najmiyeh Gholami 1
Shahram Baikpour 2
Seyed Jamal Sheikhzakariaee 2
Seyed Mohammad Hashem emami 2
1 PhD Student in Geology, Department of Earth Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Iran
2 Department of Earth Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objective: Hormuz Island, located at the entrance of the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf, is an environmentally sensitive area due to its unique geological setting and proximity to major industrial and port facilities. The island is largely composed of Neoproterozoic evaporitic–carbonate deposits. This study aims to determine the concentrations and sources of heavy metals in the rocks and red soils of the island and to assess their contamination status and ecological risk.

Materials and Methods: Rock and red soil samples were collected from different lithological units. The concentrations of arsenic, iron, cadmium, titanium, and vanadium were measured using XRF and ICP MS techniques. To improve analytical accuracy, six additional samples were re analyzed using ICP MS.

Results: The results showed that arsenic concentrations in red soils (≈151/2 ppm) and limestone (up to 130 ppm) were more than 60 and 52 times higher than the upper continental crust (UCC), indicating severe contamination. Iron concentrations in limestone (≈395/763 ppm) and salt units (≈187/460 ppm) were relatively high and reflected a combination of geogenic and anthropogenic inputs. In contrast, cadmium and vanadium remained within natural ranges. Ecological risk assessment revealed that all samples, except one limestone sample, exhibited low risk, whereas this sample showed a very high cadmium contamination factor and a high single element risk, placing it in the “high risk” category.

Conclusion: This study provides precise geochemical data and ecological risk analysis, offering a scientific basis for environmental management and protective planning in this sensitive region.

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Soil
Rock
Geochemistry Assessment
Sediments
Co-dispersion Map
 
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