تعهد نامه
مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط

پهنه بندی غلظت فلوراید موجود در آب آشامیدنی استان همدان با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فاطمه صحرائی 1
علی شجاعی 2
زهرا آقابابائی 3
زهرا هاشمی 4
محمد جواد شکوهی زاده 5
مهدی خدابخشی 6
سمیرا خاموطیان 7
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.
4 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی کامپیوتر و فناوری اطلاعات، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.
5 استادیار،گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران.
6 کارشناس بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.
7 دکترای تخصصی مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.
10.22038/jreh.2023.72802.1600
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: آب آشامیدنی مهم ترین منبع تامین فلوراید مورد نیاز بدن می باشد. غلظت مناسب آن نقش مهمی در سلامت دندان ها جهت جلوگیری یا کاهش خطر پوسیدگی دارد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر تعیین تغییرات مکانی و زمانی غلظت فلوراید موجود در آب آشامیدنی استان همدان با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی می باشد.

مواد و روش ها: مطالعه حاضر یک مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی است که در سطح 9 شهرستان استان همدان در سال 1398صورت گرفته است. جهت توصیف تغییرات مکانی و زمانی غلظت یون فلوراید از نرم افزار Arc GIS نسخه 10/8 و همچنین جهت تجزیه و تحلیل و آنالیز داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 16 استفاده شد. سطح معنی داری در تمامی آزمون ها0/05تلقی گردید.

یافته‌ها: نتایج حاصل از مطالعه نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین سالیانه غلظت فلوراید مربوط به شهرستان کبودر آهنگ (0/38± 0/98 میلی گرم بر لیتر) و کمترین میانگین سالیانه مربوط به شهرستان تویسرکان (0/35 ±0/58 میلی گرم بر لیتر) بود. به طور کلی میانگین غلظت فلوراید در نیمه دوم سال (0/42 ± 0/77میلی گرم بر لیتر) نسبت به نیمه اول سال (0/43 ± 0/71میلی گرم بر لیتر) بیشتر برآورد گردید. اما این تفاوت از نظر آماری معنی دار تلقی نشد (0/05<p).

نتیجه گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که به طور کلی میانگین غلظت فلوراید در تمامی نقاط استان همدان در محدوده مطلوبی قرار دارد و مصرف کنندگان در مواجهه با خطرات ناشی از مقادیر بیش از حد یا پایین تر از حد استاندارد فلوراید قرار ندارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آب آشامیدنی
GIS
فلوراید
همدان

عنوان مقاله English

Zoning of fluoride concentration in drinking water of Hamadan province using geographic information system (GIS)

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Sahraei 1
Ali Shojaei 2
Zahra Aghababaei 3
Zahra Hashemi 4
Mohammad javad Shokoohizadeh 5
Mahdi Khodabakhshi 6
Samira Khamutian 7
1 Msc Student, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2 Ph.D Student, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3 Msc Student, Department of Biostatistic, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
4 Msc, Department of Computer and Information Technology Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
6 BSc of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
7 Ph.D, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Purpose: Drinking water the primary source of fluoride essential for bodily requirements. Its appropriate concentration health as a preventive measure against caries. Consequently, this study aims to ascertain the spatiotemporal variations in fluoride concentration within the drinking water of Hamadan province through the utilization of a Geographic Information System (GIS).

Materials and Methods: The present research is a descriptive-analytical investigation conducted across nine cities within Hamadan province in 2019.Data about the fluoride on concentrations in the drinking water of Hamadan province were obtained from the Health Vice-Chancellor of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. ArcGIS version 10/.8 software was employed to elucidate the spatial and temporal fluctuations in fluoride ion concentration, while SPSS version 16 software was utilized for data. analysis. A significance level of 0.05 was considered across all tests.

Results: The study findings revealed that the highest annual fluoride concentration was observed in Kabudarahang city (0.98 ± 0.38 mg/l), whereas the lowest annual average was recorded in Tuyserkan city (0.58 ± 0.35 mg/l). Overall, the mean fluoride concentration in the latter half of the year (0.77 ± 0.42 mg/liter) was slightly higher than in the first half of the year (0.71 ± 0.43 mg/liter). Nevertheless, this discrepancy did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05). 

Conclusion: The outcomes of this investigation demonstrate that, on the whole, the average fluoride concentration throughout all regions of Hamadan province falls within the optimal range thereby averting potential risks associated with excessive or substandard fluoride levels for consumers.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Drinking water
GIS
Fluoride
Hamadan
1. Yousefi Z, Mohammadpour Tahmtan RA, Kazemi F. Temporal and spatial variation of fluoride, nitrate and nitrite concentrations in drinking water in ilam using geographic information system. Journal of Mazandaran university of medical sciences. 2016;25(134):69-80. (Persian)
2. Zamand S, Alidadi H, Taghavimanesh V. Investigation the amount of Fluoride in drinking water sources in urban and rural areas of Neyshabur in 2017. Journal of Research in Environmental Health. 2018;4(2):146-53. (Persian)
3. Edition F. Guidelines for drinking-water quality. WHO chronicle. 2011;38(4):104-8.
4. Fawell J, Bailey K, Chilton J, Dahi E, Magara Y. Fluoride in drinking-water: IWA publishing; 2006.
5. Azimi AA. 2.2 Determination of Fluoride Concentration in Tehran Surface Water Resources. Sustainability of Water Resources. 2004:49. (Persian)
6. Almodaresi SA, Jafari SJ, Hosseinzadeh E, Miri M, Taghavi M, Khosravi R, et al. Investigation of fluoride concentration in rural drinking water resources of bardaskan county using geographic information system (GIS) in 2014. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences. 2016;3(4):32-41. (Persian)
7. Organization WH. Guidelines for drinking-water quality: second addendum. Vol. 1, Recommendations: World Health Organization; 2008.
8. Aghdasi H, Borujeni FG, Behzadpoor M, Hoseini F, Habibzadeh T. A survey of relationship between drinking water fluoride concentration and dmft index in guidance school students: A case study piranshahr and poldasht, west Azarbayjan. Studies in Medical Sciences. 2014;25(3):199-207. (Persian)
9. Ejlali A, Taghipour H, Khashabi E. The study of fluoride level in drinking water in villages of makoo, in 2014. Studies in Medical Sciences. 2015;26(9):754-63. (Persian)
10. Aghniaei F, Zarei M, Asadi S. Investigation of the origin of fluoride in groundwater resources in southern Iran, Larestan, Sahara-i-Bagh. Advanced Applied Geology. 2017;7(2):38-48. (Persian)
11. Nejaei A, Salehzade M, Pashaei Far M. Investigation of Fluorine Concentration in Drinking Water Resources of Sardasht, Rabat and Mirabad Cities. Environment and Water Engineering. 2018;3(4):334-40. (Persian)
12. Mohseni Sajadi M, Afyuni M, Khademi H, Mohseni Movahed SA, Ayoubi S. Spatial variability of fluoride in groundwater and soils in some areas of Arak Plain. Water and Soil. 2011;25(5). (Persian)
13. Sephri G, Bazrafshan M, Tabasian A, Hosainzadeh M. Fluoride levels in drinking water in Kerman and determining the DMFT index. The Journal of Eslamic Dental Association of Iran. 1997;9(3-4):83-90. (Persian)
14. Khorsandi H. A survey of relationship between drinking water fluoride concentration with DMFT index and dental fluorosis in 11-12 years old students in rural areas of Oshnavieh. Studies in Medical Sciences. 2018;28(11):732-40. (Persian)
15. Hatami H, Razavi S, Eftekhar A, Majlesi F, Sayed Nozadi M, Parizadeh S. Textbook of public health. Tehran: Arjmand. 2004:212-4. (Persian)
16. Solhi M, Zadeh DS, Seraj B, Zadeh SF. The application of the health belief model in oral health education. Iranian journal of public health. 2010;39(4):114. 
17. Rusiniak P, Sekuła K, Sracek O, Stopa P. Fluoride ions in groundwater of the Turkana County, Kenya, East Africa. Acta Geochimica. 2021;40(6):945-60.
18. Molina Frechero N, Sánchez Pérez L, Castañeda Castaneira E, Oropeza Oropeza A, Gaona E, Salas Pacheco J, et al. Drinking water fluoride levels for a city in northern Mexico (Durango) determined using a direct electrochemical method and their potential effects on oral health. The Scientific World Journal. 2013;2013.
19. Azarpira H, Rasolevandi T, Aali R, Mahvi A, Ghorbanpour MA, Moradi H, et al. Investigation of nitrate and nitrite concentration and other physicochemical parameters of drinking water sources in Saveh city during the year of 2018. Journal of Research in environmental health. 2018;4(2):140-5. (Persian)
20. Halimi L, Bagheri N, Hoseini B, Hashtarkhani S, Goshayeshi L, Kiani B. Spatial analysis of colorectal cancer incidence in Hamadan Province, Iran: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. 2020;13:293-303.
21. Tohidloo S, Azami M, Ahadnejad Reveshty M. Analysis of Regional Strategies for Agricultural Development in Hamedan Province. Agricultural Extension and Education Research. 2017;9(4):47-58. (Persian)
22. Rice EW, Bridgewater L, Association APH. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater: American public health association Washington, DC; 2012.
23. Damaneh M, Joulaei J, Alidadi F, Peiravi H. R. Evaluation of Interpolation Methods: to Determine Spatial Variations of Groundwater Qualitative Parameters (Case study: Gonabad Plain). Iranian Journal of Research in Environmental Health Fall. 2015;1(3):165-76. (Persian)
24. Poshtmasari HK, Sarvestani ZT, Kamkar B, Shataei S, Sadeghi S. Evaluation of Geostatistical Methods for Estimating and Zoning of Macronutrients in Agricultural Lands of Golestan Province.
25. Almodaresi SA, Jafari SJ, Hosseinzadeh E, Miri M, Taghavi M, Khosravi R, et al. Investigation of fluoride concentration in rural drinking water resources of bardaskan county using geographic information system (GIS) in 2014. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences. 2016;3(4):32-41. (Persian)
26. DeZuane J. Handbook of drinking water quality: John Wiley & Sons; 1997.
27. Gray NF. Drinking water quality: problems and solutions: John Wiley & Sons; 1994.
28. Yousefii Z, Hanafi B. Fluoride level in drinking water supplies of Gonbad-e Qabus, 2008-2012. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2013;23(101):112-6. (Persian)
29. KamyabN N, Khajeh Hosseini S, Mobini M. Survey of fluoride concentration in drinking water in rural areas of rafsanjan from april to septamer 2015: A short report. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2016;15(7):675-82. (Persian)
30. Pooreslami H, Khazaeli P, Masoodpoor H. Fluoride content of drinking waters in Kerman/Iran. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. 2008;15(3):235-42. (Persian)
31. Chuah CJ, Lye HR, Ziegler AD, Wood SH, Kongpun C, Rajchagool S. Fluoride: a naturally-occurring health hazard in drinking-water resources of Northern Thailand. Science of the total Environment. 2016;545:266-79.
32. Matloob MH. Fluoride concentration of drinking water in Babil-Iraq. Journal of Applied Sciences. 2011;11(18):3315-21.
33. Yani SI, Seweng A, Mallongi A, Nur R, Abdullah MT, Salmah U, et al. The influence of fluoride in drinking water on the incidence of fluorosis and intelligence of elementary school students in Palu City. Gaceta Sanitaria. 2021;35:S159-S63.