نوع مقاله : Research Paper
نویسندگان
- حامد رمضانی اول ریابی 1
- سید علیرضا حاجی سید میرزاحسینی 2
- علی فیروزی چاهک 3
- علیرضا محمدزاده 4
- جلیل ایمانی هرسینی 5
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تخصصى مهندسى محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعى و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامى، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار گروه مهندسى محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعى و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامى، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار گروه بهداشت حرفه اى، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکى گناباد، گناباد، ایران
4 دانشیار گروه میکروبیولوژى، دانشکده پزشکى، دانشگاه علوم پزشکى گناباد، گناباد، ایران
5 استادیار گروه علوم محیط زیست و جنگل، دانشکده، منابع طبیعى و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامى، تهران، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: پلاستیک های پلی اتیلن امروزه به معظل بزرگ بهداشت محیط یعنی تولید بی رویه پسماند تبدیل شده است و محیط زیست را به خطر انداخته است. ولی حشرات به کمک محیط زیست آمده است و در این میان شب پره بزرگ موم خوار( Galleria mellonella) قادر است به کمک میکروبیوم معده در مرحله لاروی خود، پلاستیک پلی اتیلن، پلی استر، فویل آلومنیوم و حتی ماسک های پارچه ای را هضم کند. این مطالعه نیز با هدف بررسی توانایی لاروهای گالریا ملونلا در حذف پلاستیک پلی -اتیلن طراحی شد.
مواد و روشها: ابتدا لاروهای گالریا ملونلا از خرداد ماه 1401 از زنبورستانهای عسل شهرستان گناباد- خراسان رضوی، جمع آوری شد. لاروها در آزمایشگاه حشره شناسی پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد با غذای موم و مصنوعی در باکس های پلاستیکی و در اتاقک های تاریک ( دما 2±25 و رطوبت 33%)پرورش یافتند. برای تغذیه لاروها از پلاستیک های فریزری، زباله و فروشگاهی(اصطلاحاً دسته دار) قطعات فیلم پلاستیک به قطر (10×10 سانتیمتر) برش زده شد و بر روی 10 پتری دیش به قطر( 8×8 سانتیمتر) حاوی 10 لارو گذاشته شد و روی فیلم های پلی اتیلن یک پتری دیش دیگر(دارای سوراخ جهت تنفس لاروها) قرار گرفت. بیوماس تولید شده لاروهای مربوط به هر نوع پلاستیک جداگانه با دستگاه اسپکترومتری مادون قرمز تبدیل فوریه(FT-IR) آنالیز شدند.
یافته ها: آنالیز 8 نوع زیست توده تولیدی تغذیه لاروها از موم(کنترل) در مقایسه با پلاستیک های پلی اتیلن( مورد هدف) با FT-IRگروه های عاملی C-CL، C=O، C=C، R-OH، CH2، -C-C- که نشانه تخریب پلاستیک پلی اتیلن است را آشکار کرد. همچنین مقایسه میزان حذف پلاستیک در بین لاروهای تغذیه شده بر روی انواع فیلم پلی اتیلن اختلاف معنی داری(P<0.05) را مشخص کرد.
نتیجه گیری: لارو گالریا ملونلا به عنوان یک روش بیولوژیک، در آینده می تواند در حذف پلاستیک از طبیعت موثر باشد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The study of the feeding behavior of Galleria mellonella larvae from polyethylene plastic and the detection of functional groups in the production of biomass, with Fourier, transform infrared spectrometry
نویسندگان [English]
- Hamed Ramezani Awal Riabi 1
- Seyed Alireza Hajiseyed Mirzahosseini 2
- Ali Firoozi Chahak 3
- Ali Reza Mohammad zadeh 4
- Jalil Imani Harsini 5
1 Ph. D student, Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment Sciences and Forest, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background and purpose: Today, polyethylene plastics have become a big problem of environmental health, i.e. excessive production of waste, and it has endangered the environment. But insects have come to the aid of the environment, and in the meantime, the large wax-eating moth (Galleria mellonella) is able to digest polyethylene plastic, polyester, aluminum foil, and even fabric masks with the help of the microbiome of its larva's stomach. This study was also designed to investigate the ability of G. mellonella larvae to remove polyethylene plastic .
Materials and methods: First, G. melonella larvae were collected from Gonabad honey apiaries in June 2022. The larvae were reared in the Gonabad University of Medical Sciences medical entomology laboratory with beeswax and synthetic food in plastic boxes and dark rooms (temperature 25±2 oC and humidity 33%). To feed the larvae, pieces of plastic film were cut into diameters (10×10 cm) from the freezer, garbage, and shopping bag (so-called with handles) and placed on ten Petri dishes with a diameter of (8×8 cm) containing ten larvae. Another petri dish (with a hole for larvae to breathe) was placed on the polyethylene films. The produced biomass of larvae related to each type of plastic was analyzed separately with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR).
Results: Analysis of 8 types of biomass produced by larvae feeding from wax (control) compared to polyethylene plastics (target item) with FT-IR
It revealed functional groups C-CL, C=O, C=C, R-OH, CH2, -C-C-, which is a sign of polyethylene plastic degradation. Also, the comparison of the amount of plastic removal among the larvae fed on different types of polyethylene film revealed a significant difference (P<0.05).
Conclusion: G. melonella larvae as a biological method can be effective in removing plastic from nature in the future.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Galleria mellonella
- Polyethylene plastic
- Biomass
- ِ Digestion plastic
- FT-IR
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