نوع مقاله : Research Paper
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
2 استاد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: فعالیت های انسانی، مقادیر زیادی نیتروژن، فسفر و مواد آلی وارد اکوسیستم های آبی نموده است.
مواد و روش ها: نمونه های فاضلاب شهری و صنعتی به ترتیب از تصفیه خانه پرکند آباد شماره یک مشهد و تصفیه خانه فاضلاب شهرک صنعتی کلات تهیه گردید. نمونه های فاضلاب به منظور حذف فعالیت مواد معلق درشت و باکتری ها به مدت یک ساعت ته نشین و سپس استریل گردید. جلبک کلرلا ولگاریس از جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد خریداری و در محیط کشت اختصاصی تحت شرایط نور سفید تک رنگ با روشنایی 350±5000 لوکس، تناوب نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی، درجه حرارت 2±25 درجه سانتیگراد و pH نزدیک به خنثی (5/8-7) در مدت زمان 10 روز تکثیر شد. سپس یک لیتر از محلول فوق به راکتورهایی به حجم 10 لیتر حاوی نمونه فاضلاب شهری، صنعتی و محیط کشت اختصاصی بارگذاری گردید و در مجاورت نور بمدت 10 روز هوادهی شد. در فواصل زمانی معین هر 2 روز یکبار) نمونه هایی از راکتورها جهت اندازه گیری پارامترهای COD، نیتروژن کل، فسفرکل، pH و مقدار کلروفیل گرفته شد.
یافته ها: راندمان حذف جلبک کلرلا ولگاریس برای COD، نیتروژن کل و فسفرکل در فاضلاب شهری 69/63 ، 52/12 و 79/13 درصد و برای فاضلاب صنعتی 57/66 ، 34 و 18/50 درصد می باشد. بر اساس یافته ها، کارایی جلبک در حذف مقدار اکسیژن مورد نیاز شیمیایی بیشتر و برای نیتروژن کل کمتر از بقیه آلاینده ها بود. همچنین در فاضلاب شهری کمترین کارایی در حذف نیتروژن کل بود. کارایی جلبک در حذف آلاینده ها در فاضلاب صنعتی بهتر از فاضلاب شهری بود.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که محیط فاضلاب شهری و صنعتی می تواند یک محیط مناسب برای رشد و تکثیر جلبک کلرلا ولگاریس باشد. همچنین این ریزجلبک توانایی حذف مواد مغذی موجود در پساب را دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Efficiency investigation of chlorella vulgaris algae in removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand from municipal and industrial wastewaters
نویسندگان [English]
- Mohammad Javad Chaboki 1
- Ali Asghar Najafpoor 2
- Ziaeddin Bonyadi 3
- Ali Akbar Dehghan 3
1 MSc student of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Engineering Department, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Professor, Environmental Health Engineering Department, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Environmental Health Engineering Department, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background:
Human activities, especially in construction and agriculture, introduce large amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter into aquatic ecosystems.
Method:
In this study, municipal and industrial wastewater samples were obtained from wastewater treatment plant No. 1 of Parkand Abad and wastewater treatment plant of Kalat industrial park, respectively. Before starting the reactor, wastewater samples were allowed to settle for 2 h to remove coarse suspended solids and then sterilizes in autoclave. Chlorella vulgaris was purchased from Jahad Daneshgahi of Mashhad and grown in specific culture media under temperature 25±2°C, photoperiod of 14 h light and 10 h dark, monochrome light with intensity of 5000±350 lux, pH of 7-8.5 and time of 10 d. Then 1 L of the above solution were transferred to three 10 L reactors loaded with municipal, industrial and culture media and aerated under sterile conditions in the presence of light for 10 d. In predetermined time intervals (each 2 d), 100 mL sample were taken from reactors and COD, total phosphorous, total nitrogen, pH and chlorophyll a measured.
Results:
Removal efficiency of COD, total nitrogen, and phosphorus in municipal, industrial and culture media by Chlorella vulgaris was 63.69, 12.52, and 13.79%, 66.57, 34, and 50.18%, respectively. According to results, the efficacy of algae for removal of COD was higher than other parameters, while that for total nitrogen was lowest. Efficacy of algae for removing pollutants from industrial was better than those in domestic wastewater.
Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that municipal and industrial media could be a suitable culture media for growing Chlorella vulgaris algae. It also has the ability to remove nutrients from wastewaters.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Nutrients removal
- Microalgae
- Chlorella vulgaris
- municipal and industrial wastewater
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