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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه‌ای و ایمنی کار، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت‌حیدریه، تربت‌حیدریه، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت‌حیدریه، تربت‌حیدریه، ایران.

4 کارشناس ارشد، گروه آمار، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

5 استادیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه‌ای و ایمنی کار، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: امروزه، همه‌گیری بیماری کرونا (Covid-19) به یکی از مشکلات ویژه و حائز اهمیت در جوامع انسانی تبدیل گشته ‌است. متاسفانه این بیماری منجر به خسارت و آسیب‌های گسترده‌ای شده است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی و مقایسه بازخوردهای حاصل از سطح رفتارهای پیشگیرانه ایرانیان از ابتلا به کووید-19 در سال 1399 و 1400 انجام گرفت.
روش کار: در پژوهش توصیفی- مقطعی حاضر، در مجموع 744 نفر از شرکت‌کنندگان در سال‌های 1399 و 1400 به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس وارد مطالعه شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه الکترونیکی بود که از طریق اینترنت در دسترس کاربران قرار گرفت. برای توصیف داده‌‌های کمی یافته‌ها به صورت، انحراف معیار ± میانگین (Mean ± SD) بیان شد و برای توصیف داده‌های کیفی از فراوانی استفاده شد. ثبت و تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار Excel نسخه 2016 انجام گرفت.
یافته ها: در این مطالعه افراد اظهار داشتند که در سال 1400 شخصا بهداشت فردی و عمومی را به میزان متوسط (18%) و کم‌تر (21%) رعایت کرده‌اند. اما در مطالعه سال 1399 میزان افرادی که بهداشت فردی و عمومی را متوسط و کم‌تر رعایت کرده‌اند به ترتیب حدود 8% و 13% بوده است. همچنین میزان مراجعات به بانک نیز در سال 1400 به نسبت سال 1399 رشد چشمگیری داشته است. به طور کلی رعایت سایر رفتارهای پیشگیرانه مثل رعایت فاصله اجتماعی، شستشوی مرتب دست‌ها و عدم برگزاری میهمانی و مراسمات نسبت به سال 1399 کمتر شده ست.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل از یافته‌های پژوهش می‌تواند اطلاعات مفیدی برای تدوین سیاست‌ها و خط مشی‌های نظام سلامت ایران برای نشان دادن وضعیت رفتار پیشگیرانۀ عموم مردم ارائه کند. بطور کلی مطالعه بیانگر این موضوع است که افراد جامعه در سال 1400 دستورالعمل‌های بهداشتی را به میزان پایین‌تری به نسبت سال 1399 رعایت کرده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study and Comparison Iranian preventive Behaviors of Covid-19 Outbreak: A two-year experience (2020-2021)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehran Malek Roveshti 1
  • Zahra Gelichi 2
  • Somaye Barzanouni 3
  • Maryam Feyz Arefi 4
  • Javad Hosseini 4
  • Mohsen Poursadeghiyan 5

1 1. Msc,Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

2 2. Msc, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran.

3 3. Msc, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran.

4 Msc, Department of Biostatistics, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.

5 Assistant Professor Department of Occupational Health and Safety engineering, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction and aim: Nowadays, the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak has become a special and important problem in human societies. Unfortunately, this disease has led to extensive damage and injuries. This study aimed to investigate and compare the feedback obtained from the level of preventive behaviors of Iranians from getting Covid-19 in 1399 and 1400.
Methods: In the present descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 744 participants in the years 1399 and 1400 were included in the study by available sampling method. The data collection tool was an electronic questionnaire that was made available to users via the Internet. To describe the quantitative data, the findings were expressed as Mean ± SD, and frequency was used to describe the qualitative data. Data were recorded and analyzed using Excel software version 2016.
Results: In this study, individuals stated that in 1400, they observed personal and public health to an average (18%) and less (21%). But in the study of 1399, the rate of people who have observed moderate and less personal and public health has been about 8% and 13%, respectively. Also, the number of referrals to the bank in 1400 compared to 1399 has increased significantly. In general, observance of other preventive behaviors such as observing social distance, regular washing of hands, and not holding parties and ceremonies has decreased compared to 1399.
Conclusion: The results of the research findings can provide useful information for formulating policies and guidelines of the Iranian health system to show the state of preventive behavior of the general public. In general, the study indicates that people in the community in 1400 have followed the health instructions to a lesser extent than in 1399. It can be said that this important issue is rooted in people facing environmental stressors, long-term anxiety, and indifference to emerging phenomena.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Covid-19
  • Health System
  • Preventive Behavior
  • Public Awareness
  • Outbreak
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