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ارزیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات سطحی رودخانه مهابادچای

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه خاک‌شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: رسوبات رودخانه‌ای یکی از شناساگرهای زیست‌محیطی بسیار مهم برای تعیین میزان آلودگی در بوم‌سازگان هستند. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی کیفیت رسوبات رودخانه مهاباد در استان آذربایجان‌غربی است.
مواد و روش‌ها: بدین منظور 15 نمونه رسوبات سطحی (از عمق 20-0 سانتی‌متری) رودخانه برداشت شد. خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی رسوبات شامل: بافت، مواد آلی، مواد خنثی‌شونده، هدایت الکتریکی، pH، مقدار کل فلزات سنگین اندازه‌گیری شد. همبستگی بین خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی رسوبات با فلزات سنگین، با استفاده از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون در نرم افزار SPSS انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: میانگین غلظت کل فلزات سنگین آرسنیک، نیکل، روی، کادمیوم، سرب، کبالت، کروم و مس به ترتیب 29/13، 40/63، 53/60، 47/0، 39/0، 40/18، 47/44 و 93/25 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم است. آرسنیک، نیکل و کادمیوم مقادیری بالاتر از غلظت استاندارد فلزات سنگین در رسوبات را داشتند. طبق نتایج ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی، ماده آلی، رس و سیلت بیشترین همبستگی مثبت معنی‌دار را با نحوه توزیع فلزات سنگین دارند. از طرف دیگر به غیر از مس، کروم و کبالت بقیه عناصر باهم همبستگی مثبت معنی‌دار 99 درصد را نشان می‌دهند. نتایج نشان داد همه عناصر دارای منشأ یکسانی هستند/
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه با تفکیک نمونه‌های بالادست و پایین‌دست می‌توان گفت غلظت عناصر در بالادست ناشی از عوامل طبیعی بوده و در پایین‌دست با افزایش فعالیت‌های انسانی، آلایندگی فلزات سنگین بیشتر شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of Mahabadchai river

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Kheiri Soltan Ahmadi 1
  • Habib Nazarnejad 2
  • Farrokh Asadzadeh 3

1 MSc student, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Urmia University, Urmia, iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Urmia University, Urmia, iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Urmia, iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: River sediments are one of the most important environmental indicators to determine the level of pollution in ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of Mahabad river sediments in West Azerbaijan province.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 15 samples of surface sediments (from 0-20 cm depth) of the river were collected. Physical and chemical properties of sediments including: texture, organic matter, Total neutralizing Value, electrical conductivity, pH, and total amount of heavy metals was measured. Correlation between physical and chemical properties of sediments with heavy metals was performed using Pearson correlation test in SPSS software.
Results: Mean total concentrations of heavy metals including arsenic, nickel, zinc, cadmium, lead, cobalt, chromium and copper, were respectively 13.29, 63.40, 60.53, 0.47, 0.39, 18.40, 44.47 and 25.93 mg / kg. Arsenic, nickel and cadmium had higher levels of standard concentrations of heavy metals in sediments. According to the results of Pearson correlation coefficient, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, clay and silt have the most significant positive correlation with the distribution of heavy metals. On the other hand, except for copper, chromium and cobalt, all other elements show a significant positive correlation of 99%. The results showed that all the elements have the same origin.
Conclusion: According to the separation of upstream and downstream samples, it can be said that the concentration of elements in the upstream was due to natural factors, and downstream, heavy metal pollution has increased with increasing human activity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation coefficient
  • Human activities
  • Pollutants
  • River sediments
  • Standard concentration of heavy metals
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 8، شماره 1
خرداد 1401
صفحه 46-58
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هم رسانی
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