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نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، مرکز تحقیقات کیفیت آب، پژوهشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه‌ و‌ هدف: ترکیبات فنلی از جمله آلاینده‌های مقاوم به تجزیه بیولوژیک هستند و حذف موثر آن ها از محیط آب و فاضلاب از نظر بهداشتی و زیست محیطی دارای اهمیت است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی کارایی فرآیند اکسیداسیون الکتروشیمیایی در حذف ترکیبات فنلی با استفاده از یک رآکتور دوقسمتی جریان مداوم انجام شد.
روش‌کار: رآکتوری حاوی آندهای کاتالیستی SnO2-Sb، کاتدهای آهن و یک جداساز سلولزی برای تفکیک محفظه آند از محفظه کاتد استفاده شد. تأثیر متغیرهای غلظت اولیه فنل (88/40-12/14 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر)، زمان ماند (77/82-23/32 دقیقه) و شدت جریان برق (42/0-18/0 آمپر) بر کارایی حذف و غلظت باقی‌مانده TPh و انرژی مصرفی با استفاده از متدولوژی سطح پاسخ تعیین شد.
یافته‌ها:کارایی حذف TPh بیش از همه به فاکتور زمان ماند و پس از آن به ترتیب به شدت جریان برق و غلظت اولیه آلاینده وابسته بود. غلظت اولیه آلاینده، مهم‌ترین عامل مؤثر بر غلظت باقی‌مانده TPh در پساب تعیین شد. انرژی مورد نیاز (kWh m‒3) عمدتاً توسط فاکتور زمان ماند و سپس شدت جریان برق کنترل شد و مستقل از غلظت اولیه آلاینده بود. تحت شرایط بهینه، کارایی حذف TPh 21/93% به‌دست آمد که با مصرف انرژی 40/34 کیلووات ساعت بر متر مکعب حاصل شد. در این شرایط، باقی‌مانده ترکیبات فنلی در پساب خروجی از رآکتور در سطح 1 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر قرار داشت که با استاندارد تعیین شده توسط سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست ایران برای تخلیه به آب‌های سطحی همخوانی داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری:فرآیند الکترواکسیداسیون با جداساز سلولزی کارایی بسیار بالایی برای حذف ترکیبات فنلی دارد و قادر است حدود مجاز تخلیه پساب به محیط را برآورده کند.
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of phenolic compounds removal from wastewater in electrochemical oxidation process using catalytic anodes and cellulosic separator

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mitra Gholami 1
  • Mojtaba Davoudi 2
  • Simin Naseri 3
  • Amir Hossein Mahvi 3
  • Mehdi Farzadkia 2
  • Ali Esrafili 2
  • Hossein Alidadi 4

1 Department of Environmental Health engineering, , Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.

3 Department of Environmental Health engineering, , Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

4 Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Backgrounds & Objectives:
Elimination of phenolic compounds which is considered as resistant pollutants to biological degradation has a great importance. This study aims to investigate the electrochemical oxidation process efficiency in removal of phenol compounds using a continuous and divided rector.
 
Materials & Methods: The catalytic anodes of Ti/SnO2-Sb and cathodes of iron were employed in a reactor divided into anolyte and catholyte chambers by a cellulosic separator. The influence of initial phenol concentration (14.12‒40.88 mg L‒1), retention time (32.23‒82.77 min), and current intensity (0.18‒0.42 A) on TPh removal efficiency, TPh residual concentration, and energy consumption was investigated using response surface methodology.
 
Results: The results showed that TPh removal efficiency strongly depends on retention time, followed by current intensity and initial phenol concentration. The importance order of factors affecting on TPh residual concentration were distinguished as initial TPh concentration > retention time > current intensity. The energy consumption in terms of kWh m‒3 is mostly affected by retention time and then current intensity, and irrespective of initial phenol concentration. Under the optimal conditions, removal efficiency of 93.21%, residual concentration of 1 mg L‒1, and energy consumption of 34.40 kWh m‒3 is achieved.
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the electro-oxidation is a very efficient process for diminution of wastewater phenolic content, and is able to set the allowable limits to discharge to the environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electrochemical oxidation
  • Phenol removal
  • Cellulosic separator
  • Response surface methodology
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