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بررسی اثر کاربرد اصلاح کننده های آلی و معدنی بر زیست فراهمی سرب و کادمیوم در خاک های آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ التحصیل دکترای علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 استاد گروه علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک ، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک ، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: افزایش فعالیت‌های کشاورزی و به دنبال آن رهاسازی آلاینده‌ها از سامانه‌های کشاورزی و همچنین گسترش صنایع سبب ورود یون‌های فلزهای سنگین از جمله کادمیوم و سرب به محیط زیست می‌شود. کاربرد جاذب‌ها از روش‌های مناسب برای ناپویاسازی فلزهای سنگین در خاک‌های آلوده می‌باشند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی و معدنی بر زیست فراهمی سرب و کادمیوم در طول زمان انکوباسیون در خاک انجام گردید.
مواد و روش‌ها: تیمارها آزمایش شامل کاربرد سه سطح (0، 1 و 5 درصد وزنی) اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی (بیوچار 640 و بیوچار 420)، اصلاح‌کننده‌های معدنی (زئولیت، بنتونیت، لیکا و پومیس) و دو زمان (90 و 180 روز) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار بود. در پایان زمان انکوباسیون زیست فراهمی سرب و کادمیوم با روش DTPA و EDTA تعیین شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد گذشت زمان باعث افزایش زیست فراهمی سرب و کادمیوم عصاره‌گیری شده با DTPA گردید. همچنین، افزودن بیوچار 640 ، بنتونیت و سطح 5 درصد زئولیت سبب کاهش مقدار سرب عصاره‌گیری شده با EDTA گذشت زمان شدند بیشترین میزان کاهش سرب عصاره‌گیری شده با EDTAبا گذشت زمان در سطح 1 درصد بیوچار 640 مشاهده گردید. کاربرد اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی (بیوچار 640 و 420) و معدنی (پومیس، لیکا، زئولیت و بنتونیت) سبب افزایش مقدار کادمیوم عصاره‌گیری شده با EDTA با گذشت زمان شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی بدلیل ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی و کربن آلی بالایی که نسبت به اصلاح‌کننده‌های معدنی دارند، در تثبیت فلزات موثرتر بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigate the Effect of Organic and Inorganic Amendments on Lead and Cadmium Bioavailability in calcareous soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Sefidgar Shahkolaie 1
  • Mojtaba Barani Motlaq 2
  • Farhad Khormali 3
  • Esmael Dordipour 4

1 PhD Graduated, Department of Soil Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Prof., Department of Soil Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

4 Associate Prof., Department of Soil Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and purpose: Increasing agricultural activities and subsequently releasing pollutants from agricultural systems as well as expanding industries cause heavy metals (lead and cadmium) to enter the environment. Application of amendments are suitable methods for the inactivation of heavy metals in contaminated soils.
Materials and methods: In order to study the effect of organic amendments (bichar 640 and 420) and inorganic amendments (zeolite, bentonite, leca and pumice) on bioavailability of Pb and Cd during incubation time in a calcareous soil, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 3 levels of amendments application in soil (0, 1 and 5 %) in three replications. Bioavailability of Pb and Cd in soil was determined using DTPA and EDTA- extractable during 90- and 180-days incubation time.
Results: Results showed that concentration of DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd increased during the time. Application of biochar 640, bentonite and zeolite (5%) decreased concentration of EDTA-extractable Pb during the incubation time. Application of biochar (1%) were the most effective treatment in decreasing Pb concentration EDTA-exchangeable. Application of the organic amendments (biochar 640 and biochar 420) and inorganic amendments (pumice, leca bentonite, and zeolite) increased concentration of EDTA-extractable Cd during the incubation time. Application of 5% of zeolite showed the lowest increasing concentration of EDTA-extractable Cd during the incubation time.
Conclusion: Organic amendments were more efficient in immobilization of Cd and Pb than the inorganic amendments. These results might due to the high amount of organic carbon and cation exchange capacity of the organic amendments than the inorganic amendments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Organic and inorganic amendments
  • Bioavailability
  • Lead
  • Cadmium
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مجله پژوهش در بهداشت محیط
دوره 6، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 21
خرداد 1399
صفحه 70-82
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هم رسانی
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