The relationship between physicochemical and microbial indicators in Jacuzzi water and swimming pools in Golestan Province

Yazdanbakhsh, Ahmad Reza; Mohseni Bandpei, Anoushiravan; Bay, Abotaleb; Sadeghi, Mahdi

doi:10.22038/jreh.2021.7068

Authors

¹ professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

² PhD student in Environmental Health Engineering, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

³ Assistant professor of Environment Health Department, Environmental Health Research Center, Golstan University of Medical Sciences,

https://doi.org/10.22038/jreh.2021.7068

Abstract

Background and Aims: Swimming pools and Jacuzzis as sports and recreational centers are used by many people in different ages and classes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physicochemical characteristics and microbial contamination in Jacuzzi water and swimming pools in Golestan province.

Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytic approach, eight indoor swimming pool and Jacuzzi were chosen to be investigated in the Golestan province. Biological (Total coliform, E.coli, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas) and physiochemical parameters (temperature, pH, turbidity, free chlorine residual) were performed according to standard methods.

Results: The obtained results showed a significant and positive correlation between turbidity and Pseudomonas in swimming pools (p=0.017). However, no significant relationship was observed between turbidity and other microorganisms. Also, it was revealed that there was a significant and positive correlation between total coliforms and fecal streptococci in the Jacuzzis . Beside an inverse relationship was found btween the free residual chlorine and indicator organisms.

Conclusions:There is a high dispersion between microbial contamination and physicochemical variables in pools and Jacuzzis. In other wordو pools and Jacuzzis are very clean on some days and on some others, they are too polluted from the aspect of microorganisms’ presence and turbidity.. This indicates that there is no appropriate operation for pools and Jacuzzis in proportion of swimmer numbers and disinfection rate.

Keywords

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The relationship between physicochemical and microbial indicators in Jacuzzi water and swimming pools in Golestan Province

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Volume 2, Issue 1June 2016Pages 71-80

Volume 2, Issue 1
June 2016
Pages 71-80