Journal of Research in Environmental Health

Journal of Research in Environmental Health

Survey and comparison of different processes effect, rinsing and baking on remaining amount of heavy metals lead and cadmium in cultivated Tarom rice in Qhaemshahr city paddies in northern Iran

Document Type : Research article

Authors
R. Rezaei Malidareh 1
M. Shokrzadeh 2
B. Khasi 3
S. Rouhi4 4
F. Zaboli 5
1 MSc of Food Industry Engineering, School of Agriculture and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmacutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
3 MSc of Health Education, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
4 PhD Student of Molecular Epidemiology of Bacteria, Student Research Committee, Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
5 6Assistant Professor of Microbiology, School of Agriculture and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran.
10.22038/jreh.2016.7089
Abstract
Background & objective:The processes of cooking and also washing reduce the amount of heavy metals in rice. So identify the best method of cooking and washing is essential to reduce heavy metals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the remaining cadmium and lead after cooking and washing processes in Tarom rice in Qaemshahr city.

Materials & Methods:Qaemshahr city was divided into five regions and of each region; three rice samples were collected, randomly. The concentration of lead and cadmium were evaluated in 75 raw rice samples, washed by water, cooked, rinsed rice and Kateh. Results were analyzed using software SPSS.18 and t-test student, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's post hoc.

Results: According to t-test Student test, amount of lead and cadmium in rice was higher than the international and Iran standards. The minimum amount of cadmium was in the rinsed rice method (0.19 ± 0.08) and lead was in the washed by water method (0.87 ± 0.3). ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference between concentrations of cadmium and lead in samples of rice in different regions (p <0.05).Duncan test also showed that the average of the amounts of cadmium and lead in raw samples had a significant difference with all samples, and residue of these metals in raw rice was more than other samples (p <0.05).

Conclusion: The amount of heavy metals in studied rice samples was higher than the standard limit. The minimum amount of metals was observed in the rinsing and washing methods. As regards that contamination in planted ricesnear industrial wastewater was higher than the others, So planting rice in areas closing to the industrial factories should be prevented, and best methods for rice cooking should be trained.
 
Keywords
Heavy metals
Lead
Cadmium
rice
         
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Journal of Research in Environmental Health
Volume 2, Issue 1
Spring 2016
Pages 52-59