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From Waste to Advancement: A Comprehensive Review of Innovations in Tea Waste Utilization

Document Type : Narrative and integrative review

Authors

1 Researcher, Genomics Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Secondary Metabolites Research Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran.

10.22038/jreh.2025.27551

Abstract

Background and Objective: As one of the most widely consumed beverages globally, tea generates a significant volume of waste, often disposed of without proper utilization. With increasing global tea production, managing this waste has become a critical environmental challenge. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of innovations in tea waste utilization and explore its value-added potentials in various fields.


Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a narrative review, examining published research on tea waste, focusing on processing technologies, conversion methods, and novel applications. These applications include the production of biochar, biofuels, biogas, bioplastics, supercapacitors, aerogels, hydrogels, and composite nanomaterials.


Results: The findings indicate that tea waste has a high potential for producing value-added products of bioactive compounds, biosorbents, and receptive energy sources. Also, innovative applications in processing these wastes can play an effective role in reducing waste, improving resource management, and developing their applications in the plant, animal, and environmental sectors.


Conclusion: Comprehensive and sustainable use of tea wastes, in regulating the principles of circular economy and non-consumption environment, can be used as a solution for environmental reduction, economic efficiency, and a suitable replacement for conventional biomass resources. By providing an integrated perspective, this study can help develop scientific and industrial research and decision-making in the field of sustainable utilization of tea wastes.

 

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Keywords

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Journal of Research in Environmental Health
Volume 11, Issue 4 - Serial Number 44
January 2026
Pages 121-144
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