Journal of Research in Environmental Health

Journal of Research in Environmental Health

Investigating the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution by using chitosan isolated from shrimp shells native Persian Gulf

Authors
Saeed Akbari 1
Mohammad Hadi Dehghani 2
Mehdi Salari 1
1 MSc,Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22038/jreh.2016.6583
Abstract
Background and objective: Due to its high concentration on the surface and its pathogenic function, fluoride is noticeable. Fluoride at high concentrations can be dangerous. The World Health Organization's allowable concentration is 1.5milligrams per liter. The aim of this study was to take chitosan from shrimp shells and evaluate its performance in the removal of fluoride in aqueous solutions. The purpose of this study was to isolate chitosan from shrimp shells native Persian Gulf and evaluate its performance in the removal of fluoride in aqueous solutions.

Materials & Methods: Chitosan from shells native Persian Gulf shrimps in three stages, protein , minerals and de-acetylation separation. The isotherms and adsorption kinetics were evaluated in optimal conditions.

Results: The results showed with 100 ml of 4 Results: milligrams per liter of fluoride, the fluoride removal at pH = 7, 60 minutes contact time and adsorbent concentration of 2 grams per liter respectively. The result of the absorption curve obeys a second-order. Freundlich adsorption isotherm data were more consistent. Maximum capacities of 0.157 milligrams per gram was with the removal of fluoride with chitosan.

Conclusion:The extracted chitosan can be an effective adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from contaminated water so that the amount of fluoride in drinking water is reduced to below the allowable level of fluoride.


Keywords
Fluoride
Chitosan
Shrimp shells
Persian Gulf
  1. Fawell, K. B. J., Chilton, J., Dahi, E., Fewtrell L., Magara, Y., "Fluoride in Drinking Water", 1st Edition, IWA Publishing, London, 2006.
  2. Meenakshi, R.C.M. (2006). “Fluoride in drinking water and its removal.” J. of Hazardous Materials, 137,456-463.
  3. Lhassani, A., Rumeau, M., Benjelloun, D., and Pontie, M. (2001). “Selective demineralization of water by nanofiltration application to the defluorination of brackish water.” J. of Water Research, 35(13), 3260-3264.
  4. Pontié, M., Diawara, C., Lhassani, A., Dach, H., Rumeau, M., Buisson, H., and Schrotter, J.C. (2006). “Chapter 2 water defluoridation processes: A review. application: Nanofiltration (NF) for future large-scale pilot plants.” J. of Advances in Fluorine Science, 2, 49-80.
  5. Mohapatra, M., Anand, S., Mishra, B.K., Giles, D.E., and Singh, P. (2009). “Review of fluoride removal from drinking water.” J. of Environmental Management, 91(1), 67-77.
  6. World Health Organization, "Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality", 4th Edition, WHO, Geneva, 2011.
  7. Mandinic, Z., Curcic, M., Antonijevic, B., Carevic, M., Mandic, J., Djukic-Cosic D., et al., "Fluoride in Drinking Water and Dental Fluorosis", Science of Total Environment, 2010, 408 (17), 3507-3512.
  8. United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), "Fluoride in Water: an Overview", 2004, http://www.unicef.org/wes/fluoride.pdf, 16 May, 2012.
  9. Wang, A. G., Xiam, T., Chu, Q. L., Zhang, M., Liu, F., Chen, X. M., Yang, K. D., "Effects of Fluoride on Lipid Peroxidation, DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Human Embryohepatocytes", Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 2004, 17 (2), 217-222.
  10. Li, Y.H., Wang, S., Zhang, X., Wei, J., Xu, C., Luan, Z., and Wu, D. (2003). “Adsorption of fluoride from water by aligned carbon nanotubes.” J. of Materials Research Bulletin, 38, 469-476.
  11. Cola, K. A., and Stuffer, K.R. (1987). Shelf life study of oil / water emulsion using various commercial hydro colloides. J. Food Sci. 52(1):166-172.
  12. Montgomery J. Water Treatment: Principles and Design. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1992.
  13. Crittenden J, Trussell R, Hand D, Howe K,Tchobanoglous G. Water Treatment: Principles and Design. New York: JohnWiley and Sons; 2005.
  14. APHA. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st ed. Washington DC : American Public Health Association;2005.
  15. NigussieW, Zewge F, Chandravanshi BS. Removal of excess fluoride from water using waste residue from alum manufacturing process. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2007;147:954.63.
  16. Mesdaghinia, A., Vaghefi, K.A., Montazeri, A., Mohebbi, M.R., and Saeedi, R. (2010). Monitoring of fluoride in groundwater resources of Iran.” J. of Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 84, 432-437.
  17. WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality
Journal of Research in Environmental Health
Volume 1, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
Winter 2016
Pages 245-250