Mehran Malek Roveshti; Zahra Gelichi; Somaye Barzanouni; Maryam Feyz Arefi; Javad Hosseini; Mohsen Poursadeghiyan
Abstract
Introduction and aim: Nowadays, the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak has become a special and important problem in human societies. Unfortunately, this disease has led to extensive damage and injuries. This study aimed to investigate and compare the feedback obtained from the level of preventive ...
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Introduction and aim: Nowadays, the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak has become a special and important problem in human societies. Unfortunately, this disease has led to extensive damage and injuries. This study aimed to investigate and compare the feedback obtained from the level of preventive behaviors of Iranians from getting Covid-19 in 1399 and 1400.Methods: In the present descriptive cross-sectional study, a total of 744 participants in the years 1399 and 1400 were included in the study by available sampling method. The data collection tool was an electronic questionnaire that was made available to users via the Internet. To describe the quantitative data, the findings were expressed as Mean ± SD, and frequency was used to describe the qualitative data. Data were recorded and analyzed using Excel software version 2016.Results: In this study, individuals stated that in 1400, they observed personal and public health to an average (18%) and less (21%). But in the study of 1399, the rate of people who have observed moderate and less personal and public health has been about 8% and 13%, respectively. Also, the number of referrals to the bank in 1400 compared to 1399 has increased significantly. In general, observance of other preventive behaviors such as observing social distance, regular washing of hands, and not holding parties and ceremonies has decreased compared to 1399.Conclusion: The results of the research findings can provide useful information for formulating policies and guidelines of the Iranian health system to show the state of preventive behavior of the general public. In general, the study indicates that people in the community in 1400 have followed the health instructions to a lesser extent than in 1399. It can be said that this important issue is rooted in people facing environmental stressors, long-term anxiety, and indifference to emerging phenomena.
Leila Ebrahimzadeh
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays, because of several reasons, the incidence of waterborne and foodborne diseases is increasing in the world. Hence, this study was conducted to analyze the data on the prevalence of waterborne and foodborne diseases in Kurdistan province. Materials and Methods: This study ...
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Background and Aim: Nowadays, because of several reasons, the incidence of waterborne and foodborne diseases is increasing in the world. Hence, this study was conducted to analyze the data on the prevalence of waterborne and foodborne diseases in Kurdistan province. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive analytical study that analyzed the outbreaks reported in Kurdistan province from 2011 to 2017. In this study, Chi-square test was applied to assess the relationships between the sources of the outbreaks (water or food) and the studied variables, including age, sex, cause of disease, region, place of outbreak, time of outbreak, status of drinking water distribution network, and status of chlorination. STSTA software Version 13 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Results: According to the results of this study, of a total of 390 outbreaks reported during the studied period, 90 cases (23.08%) were caused by water, 261 cases (66.92%) were caused by food, and 39 cases (10%) had an unknown source. Concerning the location, of all cases of waterborne outbreaks, 69 cases of outbreaks (76.67%) occurred in rural areas and 21 cases of outbreaks (23.33%) occurred in urban areas. On the other hand, of all cases of foodborne outbreaks, 147 cases of outbreaks (56.32%) occurred in urban areas and 114 cases of outbreaks (43.68%) occurred in rural areas and there was a significant relationship between the outbreak and the location of residence in the city or village (P-value <0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, observing food hygiene during the preparation and cooking of food and supervising the supply of healthy drinking water have a significant role in reducing the prevalence of waterborne and foodborne outbreaks.