Sanaz Esmaeilizadeh; Hasan Taghipour
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Various factors are involved in proper waste management. One of the most important and effective components is the scientific and specialized capability of experts and managers working in the waste management field. This research was conducted to investigate the education level ...
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Background and Purpose: Various factors are involved in proper waste management. One of the most important and effective components is the scientific and specialized capability of experts and managers working in the waste management field. This research was conducted to investigate the education level and specialty of managers and experts of waste management in cities of Iran. Materials and Methods: In order to conduct this research, a special checklist was developed and sent to waste management organizations in 31 provinces of Iran in an official letter. Data were collected from 15 waste management organizations of different provinces of Iran and they were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The research results revealed that there are about 29 unrelated fields of education, 6 semi-related fields of education, and 2 completely related fields of education) including environmental health engineering and environmental engineering( at various positions in waste management organizations. Only 8.14% of managers and experts had a specialty in completely related fields of study and 33.22% of them were graduates of semi-related fields of study and 58.64% of them graduates of completely unrelated fields of study, working in waste management organizations in the studied provinces. Conclusion: Based on the research results and also Clause 28 of Waste Management Legislation, reviewing and modifying the process of personnel recruitment and using managers and experts with a relevant specialty in waste management organizations as one of the most effective factors in enhancing the current undesirable condition of waste management seems to be essential.
Mohammad Velayatzadeh
Abstract
This analytical descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the carbon emissions from the use of fossil fuels for gasoline, petroleum gas, petroleum fuels and kerosene during the period of 1306 to 1394 in 1397. The amount of fossil fuel consumption in the period from 1306 to 1394 was collected using ...
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This analytical descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the carbon emissions from the use of fossil fuels for gasoline, petroleum gas, petroleum fuels and kerosene during the period of 1306 to 1394 in 1397. The amount of fossil fuel consumption in the period from 1306 to 1394 was collected using the statistics of consumption of petroleum products, which was published by the Public Relations Publications Office of the National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company. The total consumption of petroleum products in the period between 1306 and 1394 shows that there was a positive growth, so that in 1394 it was consumed by 73.1 billion L. The amount of carbon emissions from gasoline consumption in the year 1306 and 1394 was 9234500 and 59607018500 kg of carbon dioxide per year, respectively. The consumption of gas, kerosene and kerosene has grown steadily over the years and the consumption of these fossil fuels has increased. The analysis of the results shows that gasoline consumption has increased. Gasoline is one of the most consumed fossil fuels in Iran, which is mainly used in light car transport. Of course, it should be noted that the Iranian population has grown positively since the last 40 years.
Ali Asghar Navaei fezabady; Hossein Alidadi; Ali Asghar Najafpoor; Mahmoud Dankoob; Mohsen Yazdani; Masoumeh Saghi; Mohammad Naser Shafiee
Abstract
Background & objective: Evaluation of the effects on environment is an executive view for sustainable development. Solid waste is one of the factors that pollute the environment and the management, control and proper hygiene play a key role in promoting the health of society. So, in establishing ...
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Background & objective: Evaluation of the effects on environment is an executive view for sustainable development. Solid waste is one of the factors that pollute the environment and the management, control and proper hygiene play a key role in promoting the health of society. So, in establishing the composting plants, the environmental issues should be considered and a proper place for these plants must be chosen. This can be one of the most important tasks in waste management programs in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of these plants on environment and the procedures to be carried out in this field. Materials & Methods: This research was a review study. By Using the key words (such as compost plants, environmental impact assessment, Iran) the related articles on Web sites google schoolar, iranmedex , SID, Magiran and civilica were searched and studied. Results: In this study, Articles in the period 1995 to 2016 were studied and 40 papers were selected. One paper Environmental impact assessment study methods, One paper method Adkins and Brooke,7 paper method Leopold matrix, one paper matrix math,one paper matrix method of rapid, 2 paper Matrix interactions, the Check list for assessing and one paper matrix type III. Conclusion: In most reviewed studies, the method of Leopold matrix has been used to assess the environmental impact of compost plant. Leopold matrix method has been considered by researchers and experts because of its accuracy, surveying in the construction and operation phases, using two-dimensional tables to express the effects of a compost plant project on the environment, determining suitable place And finally scoring waypoint is placed by specialists for more Compost Plant