Behnam Pardakti; Hossein Pirkharrati; Farrokh Asad Zadeh
Abstract
Background and Purpose: In this study, heavy metals in the soil around theZanjan city, by using indicators of pollution, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenicrisk and determining the origin by using statistical methods.Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 soil samples were taken from a depthof 0-20 cm ...
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Background and Purpose: In this study, heavy metals in the soil around theZanjan city, by using indicators of pollution, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenicrisk and determining the origin by using statistical methods.Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 soil samples were taken from a depthof 0-20 cm and analyzed based on the method of acid digestion by inductioncoupled plasma spectroscopy.Results: The enrichment factor for zinc and cadmium was in the extremeenrichment category with an average of 42.1 and 34.5, respectively, and theland accumulation index for cadmium was in the high pollution category withan average of 2.8. Spatial changes of the index of pollution load and modifieddegree of pollution showed that the intensity of pollution increased nearthe industrial centers and the linear regression between the ecological riskand the median coefficient of the medium effect range (R2=0.903) showedthat 76% of the samples They are in the possibility of toxicity. Cadmium hadthe highest risk in children and adults with an average non-carcinogenic riskindex of 2 and 0.5, especially exposed to skin absorption with an average of0.5. It shows the risk of more cancer diseases. The result of determining theorigin and contribution of heavy metals with the help of statistical evaluationsshowed that lead, zinc and cadmium are the result of human activities andchromium, copper and arsenic are the result of the combination of human andearth-born activities. have gathered in the areaConclusion: In order to reduce the negative environmental effects of heavymetals in the soil of the study area, measures such as reducing the entry ofpollutants into the soil and refining polluted Soil.
Iman Shahidi Kaviani; Parvaneh Paykanpoufard
Abstract
Background and purpose: Population growth leads to the expansion of industries and improper management of industries leads to land pollution and irreparable damage to nature and living organisms. Therefore, studying the role of industrial centers in environmental pollution, including soil, is one of ...
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Background and purpose: Population growth leads to the expansion of industries and improper management of industries leads to land pollution and irreparable damage to nature and living organisms. Therefore, studying the role of industrial centers in environmental pollution, including soil, is one of the most important measures in the field of pollution control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of surface soil contamination with heavy metals exposed to the oil industry. Materials and methods: In this study, to measure the rate of heavy metals, a total of 15 soil samples were taken from 5 stations with 3 replications and from depth of 0-30 cm. Heavy element measurements were performed by induction coupled plasma spectroscopy. Results: Based on the results the average amount of Cadmium, Lead and Copper in the soil were 2.40 ± 1, 8.89 ± 5.91 and 55.83 ± 52.88 mg / kg respectively. Conclusion: The average values of Cadmium and Copper were higher and the average values of lead were lower than the global average. Also, due to the high degree of toxicity of Cadmium, the highest risk of soil contamination can be attributed to Cadmium. The measurement of pollution of each of the three elements and for five sampling stations showed that the soil of the oil region was more polluted than Cadmium than the other two elements and the oil industry was more effective in Cadmium pollution than other elements. By measurement and comparison, the rate of soil pollution indices in the sampled zones, it showed that, as expected, the soil of the processing areas and the well head zones had more severe pollution than other areas and adopted more strict environmental control measures are essential on these areas.
Hassan Malvandi; Nasrin Hassanzadeh
Abstract
Background and purpose: Evaluation of concentration and degree of heavy metal contamination in rivers based on sediment contamination indices is one of the important issues in ecotoxicology research. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the heavy metal concentrations in the sediments of ...
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Background and purpose: Evaluation of concentration and degree of heavy metal contamination in rivers based on sediment contamination indices is one of the important issues in ecotoxicology research. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the heavy metal concentrations in the sediments of the Siahrood River and to assess the health risk of these pollutants. Another purpose was to determine the status of the river in terms of contamination and non-contamination for ecotoxicology studies. Materials and Methods: Acid digestion method was used to prepare the samples. Then the concentrations of Cr, Fe, Zn, As, Se, Ni, Co, Al and Mn were measured using ICP-OES. Pollution and ecological risk indices were also calculated. Results: The mean concentrations of chromium, iron, zinc, arsenic, selenium, nickel, cobalt, aluminum and manganese were 33.02, 7309.82, 42.61, 13.15, 13.36, 12.88, 6.58, 159.28 and 384.51 µg/g dw, respectively. Most of the studied elements were in the first category of pollution assessment indices. Conclusion: The results based on contamination indices and comparison with sediment quality guidelines showed that concentrations of Cr, Se and As are of concern and could potentially be a threat to the health of organisms. For ecotoxicology studies, this river is considered to be relatively contaminated in terms of Cr, Se and As and non-contaminated for other studied elements. However, further studies and monitoring of pollutants in this ecosystem are essential for making proper and effective management decisions.
Mostafa Abyareh; Farhad Nejadkoorki; Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi; Mohammad Akhavan Ghalibaf
Abstract
Background and purpose: Expanded industries and incorrect management led to land pollution, which caused irreparable damage to nature and organisms. Therefore, investigating the role of industrial centers in soil pollution is among the most important measures in field of pollution control. This study ...
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Background and purpose: Expanded industries and incorrect management led to land pollution, which caused irreparable damage to nature and organisms. Therefore, investigating the role of industrial centers in soil pollution is among the most important measures in field of pollution control. This study aimed to evaluate the Heavy Metals contamination in Surface Soil Caused by Steel Industry. Materials and Methods: In this study, to determine the concentration of Cadmium and Lead in soil, 6 soil samples with a depth of 0-5 cm from surrounding areas were collected. Lead and Cadmium levels were measured in soil samples by flame atomic absorption. The statistical indices for concentrations of elements in soil dust were calculated, then the concentrations of the elements in soil before and after the factory were compared, and In order to evaluate the contaminations of heavy metals and to study the environmental impact of the modified degree of contamination, the degree of contamination and the potential environmental risk were calculated. Results: The minimum and maximum amounts for Cadmium and Lead contamination in soil were 24.60, 99.30 and 35.60, 156.30 mg/kg respectively. The results indicated there was a meaningful difference between the amount of Cadmium before and after the company. The pollutant index for Cadmium was extreme and dangerous, whereas the pollutant index for Lead was not critical. Conclusion: Concentrations of two measured elements showed that only level of cadmium was higher than global standards and this indicates polluting role of this factory. Therefore planning for control the release of this metal and other pollutants should be considered.