Talieh Abdolkhani Nezhad; Seyed Masoud Monavari
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The study aims to examine the risks associated with waste landfill projects during the operational phase, with a focus on improving performance and reducing resulting injuries. Conducting environmental risk assessment studies is essential to better comprehend the hazardous criteria ...
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Background and Purpose: The study aims to examine the risks associated with waste landfill projects during the operational phase, with a focus on improving performance and reducing resulting injuries. Conducting environmental risk assessment studies is essential to better comprehend the hazardous criteria and their impact on the environment, as well as to propose effective solutions for control and management. As the central city of Gilan, Rasht receives over 750 tons of waste daily at the Saravan landfill.Materials and methods: This research utilizes Delphi techniques, network analysis process (ANP), and TOPSIS to prioritize and rank the most significant risks in the operational phase of the Rasht waste landfill. The Bow-Tie model is employed to develop control and mitigation strategies.Results: Environmental risks pose the greatest challenges in the Saravan Rasht landfill. Prioritization results, based on safety-sanitary criteria, reveal that the excessive use of repellants, such as insecticides, in the Saravan landfill is of utmost priority. Regarding the environmental criterion, seepage from the bottom of the landfill takes precedence, while the economic-social criterion emphasizes the high costs associated with controlling and developing the waste landfill's health engineering.Conclusion: Identifying and prioritizing risks in the landfill site facilitates the implementation of appropriate solutions for their reduction and control. The criteria influencing risk assessment are subject to constant change. The selection of an appropriate risk identification method enhances the efficiency of the chosen approach and ensures accurate determination of risks within the waste landfill. The bowtie method provides a more realistic understanding of the relationship between factors influencing risk occurrence, resulting consequences, and barriers that can hinder risks during the operational phase.
Mojtaba Hasanpour; Hossein Khozeymehnezhad
Abstract
Background and purpose: More than 85 percent of urban sewage and a large proportion of industrial wastewater are water, so refined sewage can be used in any part of the activities that require water. The aim of this study was to provide a practical solution for quantitative and qualitative groundwater ...
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Background and purpose: More than 85 percent of urban sewage and a large proportion of industrial wastewater are water, so refined sewage can be used in any part of the activities that require water. The aim of this study was to provide a practical solution for quantitative and qualitative groundwater aquifer regeneration in areas where soil and groundwater conditions are suitable for artificial nutrition by introducing refined sewage to groundwater aquifers with a lower quality. Materials and Methods: In this study, the chemical quality criteria for artificial feeding of aquifer including hydraulic conductivity, thickness unsaturated soil, topography and land use in geographic information systems were studied to determine the appropriate public areas for artificial feeding in land aquifer Birjand. Also, the criteria for increasing the improvement of chemical quality (quantitative and qualitative increase) were also weighed using the (Analytic Network Process) ANP method and Super Decisions software, so that the chemical quality of the aquifer was ranked as the first priority of the artificial nutrition. Results:Based on the nutritional goal, 6.63 square kilometers of land were classified in very good and 50.66 square kilometers in good regional classifications. Based on the objective of improving the chemical quality , 1.13 square kilometers of lands were classified into a very good category and 55.61 square kilometers in good classification. For this purpose, the treated wastewater is injected into areas of an aquifer that has poor quality, to improve its quality. Conclusion: In this research, using the location of susceptible artificial feeding areas, a solution was proposed that, while feeding areas of an aquifer that has poor quality, also increases its quality. This will make aquifer water suitable for agricultural use. This solution preserves higher quality resources for drinking and sanitary purposes.