Abolfazl Rahmani Sani; Aalieh Tabasi; Mohammad Miri
Abstract
Abstract Background and Aim: Increasing wastewater production and increasing waste production are major threats to human health and the environment; therefore, wastewater treatment and waste reuse should be done. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of plastic, rubber, and electronic wastes for ...
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Abstract Background and Aim: Increasing wastewater production and increasing waste production are major threats to human health and the environment; therefore, wastewater treatment and waste reuse should be done. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of plastic, rubber, and electronic wastes for municipal wastewater treatment by the microbial electrochemical method. Materials and methods: This experimental-practical research was done on a pilot scale. Impacts of time and initial characteristics (temperature, pH, and EC) on the treatment efficiency were investigated. During the research, sampling (twice a week) was done from the input and output of the reactor, and BOD , COD, TSS, pH, and EC parameters were measured according to the standard methods. The results were analyzed by Excel 2010 software. Results: Mean BOD 5 , COD, and TSS in raw sewage were 227, 302, and 274 mg/l. BOD5 removal efficiencies by electronic, rubber, plastic and control wastes were 72.46, 69.74, 60.82, and 62.17%, respectively. Electronic wastes with 55.52% and 79.96% had the highest removal efficiencies of TSS and COD, respectively. Conclusion: Bed material affects BOD 5 removal efficiency. Substrates with electronic wastes and crumb rubber had a higher efficiency in removing BOD 5 , TSS, and COD, which shows the superior characteristics of wastewater treatment by these wastes. Key words: Municipal Wastewater Treatment; Chemical Electro Microbial Process; Electrobacter; Waste
Mohammad Hadi Abolhasani; Ehsan Rezai
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The solid waste in landfill is transformed into landfill gas during a biochemical conversion process called bio-degradation. Landfill gas is a product of waste decomposition containing 40 to 60 percent of methane and various amounts of other gases. The present project aims ...
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Background and Objectives: The solid waste in landfill is transformed into landfill gas during a biochemical conversion process called bio-degradation. Landfill gas is a product of waste decomposition containing 40 to 60 percent of methane and various amounts of other gases. The present project aims to estimate the proportion of environmental gases of Landfill No. 1 in Shahin Shahr (total landfill gas, methane gas and carbon dioxide gas), compare gas emissions over a 30 year period, and assess the capacity of the landfill for energy extraction. Material and Methods: The field of research was Landfill No. 1 at Shahin Shahr Recycling Plant (Isfahan) located in Ja’farabad Mountains, whose capacity was completed in 2010 and landfill gas assessment was carried out. The total amount of produced gases including methane and carbon dioxide was calculated using the first-order degradation model over a 30 year period. The proportions of these gases in Landfill were calculated from 2013 to 2043. Result:The results show that the amount of landfill gases production declined over the time. The maximum production of methane and carbon dioxide was about 350 and 950 thousand kilograms in 2013 and the minimum production of methane and carbon dioxide is estimated about 57 and 157 thousand kilograms, respectively, in 2043. The total volume of gases produced in this landfill has been estimated to be about 15 million cubic meters in 30 years, of which 27 percent is methane and 73 percent is carbon dioxide. The amount of methane and carbon dioxide gas is estimated to be about 5 million and 13 million kilograms in 30 years, respectivel. Conclusion:Generally, the landfill gases production declined over the time. It is recommended to use energy recovery technologies for controlling greenhouse gas emissions and generation of required energy for the ShahinShahr recycling plant in order to use this volume of gas.