Reza Peykanpour Fard; Parvaneh Paykanpour Fard; Hadi Hadian Ghahdarijani
Abstract
Background and Purpose: One of the fundamental problems of air pollution is that it often affects large areas of various land uses, such as cities and agricultural products hundreds of kilometers away from the source of pollutants, or results in cumulative effects with other industries. This research ...
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Background and Purpose: One of the fundamental problems of air pollution is that it often affects large areas of various land uses, such as cities and agricultural products hundreds of kilometers away from the source of pollutants, or results in cumulative effects with other industries. This research aims to quantify the concentration of pollutants in residential areas around industrial areas.Materials and Methods: In this study, the AERMOD software was used for modeling air pollutants. This software uses meteorological data, digital elevation models, and information about pollutant sources. It assesses and quantifies air pollution levels related to PM10, SOX, NOx, and CO pollutants in a specific location.Results: The results of this study indicate that in these 28 population points surrounding the targeted industrial land use, pollutant concentrations in both scenarios with and without background concentrations did not exceed the standard limits for any pollutant. The most significant pollutant in this research was NOx, which showed the slightest difference from the permissible pollution limit. Furthermore, due to the closer proximity of pollutants to environmental standards in this region, increased loading of industrial land uses can lead to various health, economic, and social problems.Conclusion: The findings of this research demonstrate that to assess and quantify pollutant concentrations in the areas surrounding industrial pollutant points, it is advisable to consider background pollution in addition to modeling point sources for greater accuracy in the direction of sustainable development in such areas.
Peyman Ghalamkari; Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan
Abstract
Background and purpose: Regarding the status of air pollution in Isfahan, this study aims to evaluate the air quality of Isfahan due to Particulate Matter and find the relationship between landscape patterns and suspended particles. Materials and methods: to measure the concentration of the suspended ...
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Background and purpose: Regarding the status of air pollution in Isfahan, this study aims to evaluate the air quality of Isfahan due to Particulate Matter and find the relationship between landscape patterns and suspended particles. Materials and methods: to measure the concentration of the suspended particles using a Met One dust meter in 52 points, the city was randomly sampled. The land use map of Isfahan city was prepared after downloading satellite images from the site of the United States Geological Survey. The land use map was generated in six classes with the maximum likelihood classification method in Terrset software. To create the distribution map of suspended particles, the information of 52 stations and inverse distance weighting method in ArcGIS 10.5 was used. Landscape metrics (Normalized Entropy, Edge Density, Patch Area, Relative Richness, and Patch Compactness) were used to quantify the pattern of landscape. The landscape metrics were quantified using FRAGSTATS software.Results: The results showed that vegetation has a reducing effect on air pollution. A positive and significant correlation was observed between the amount of suspended particles and relative richness. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between PM2.5 and (NDVI), which means that the amount of suspended particles decreased with increasing vegetation density. Conclusion: In general, by calculating the concentration of suspended particles in Isfahan, it was found that the southwest, south, and southeast are exposed to more suspended particles. The high density of green space landscaping leads to a reduction of particulate matter pollution. From the analysis of changes in suspended particles in the region, it was inferred that the more we move to areas with weaker vegetation, the higher the concentration of suspended particles.
Maryam Sarkhosh; Mostafa Hadei; Sima Nourbakhsh; Hossein Alidadi; Mohammad Pazira; Gholam Reza Farahzad
Abstract
Background and Purpose:Assessing the health effects of air pollution can provide useful information for health policy . AirQ + software is a tool for determining and modeling the health effects attributed to air pollutants such as O3, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. The aim of this study was to quantify the health ...
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Background and Purpose:Assessing the health effects of air pollution can provide useful information for health policy . AirQ + software is a tool for determining and modeling the health effects attributed to air pollutants such as O3, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. The aim of this study was to quantify the health effects of PM2.5 pollutants in the air of Mashhad.materials and methods:In order to present this analytical study, air quality data were obtained in 2019 from the General Department of Environment of the province and the Environmental Pollutants Monitoring Center of Mashhad Municipality. Hourly data of each validated station and stations that less than 75% of the data were not registered or were not valid were eliminate. Demographic and meteorological information were also obtained from relevant organizations. AirQ + software was used to quantify the health effects of suspended particles. The desired cut-off concentration was 10 μg / m3 according to WHO guidelines.result:The results show that the total death rate attributed to PM2.5 in 2019 was about 1069 cases, which is about 9.5% of the total deaths in Mashhad. In the long term exposure, the rate of premature death attributed to PM2.5 due to COPD in that year was about 14%, due to cancer about 12%, due to IHD about 6% and due to stroke about 8% of the total deaths in Mashhad in the upper25 years old population. Conclusion:Among air pollutants, PM2.5 due to its special structure composition can be one of the risk factors for public health. This study does not consider the synergistic effects of air pollutants, which is due to the lack of studies worldwide. If the synergistic effects of pollutants are taken into account, the rate of deaths attributed to air pollution could be much higher than currently estimated.
Majid Kermani; sevda fallah jokandan; Mina Aghaei; Mohsen dowlati
Abstract
Background & Objective : Air pollution is considered as one of the the most important risks of uncontrolled growth of cities, economic development and energy consumption in the last century. In large cities, such an increasing trend seriously threatens the health of residents. This study aims to ...
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Background & Objective : Air pollution is considered as one of the the most important risks of uncontrolled growth of cities, economic development and energy consumption in the last century. In large cities, such an increasing trend seriously threatens the health of residents. This study aims to evaluate the health effects of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2, and estimate the mortality and morbidity rate of cardiovascular, respiratory and Chronic obstructive pulmonary, attributed to the aforementioned pollutants, using AirQ model in metropolis of Tehran in 1392. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, Data required were collected from environmental protection organization and air quality control center of Tehran. These data were analyzed by Excel, and the processed data entered AirQ model. Then relative risk, basis risk and attributable fraction were estimated. Finally, the gained results, being mortality and morbidity rate, were presented in tables and graphs. Results: The results showed that the average annual concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2, were 73, 43 and 41 μg/m3, respectively, being 3.65, 4.3 and 2.05 times higher than the national standard of Iran and WHO guidelines, correspondingly. Total number of mortalities attributed to the PM10, PM2.5 and SO2, were about 2187, 2842 and 721, respectively, being 3.65%, 4.75% and 1.20% of total deaths of Tehran city (except accidents), correspondingly. Conclusion: The results showed the health effects of particulate matter and sulfur dioxide pollutants, including total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, respiratory, hospitalizations due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and myocardial infarction in Tehran. So, it’s obviously clear that the proportion of mentioned pollutants are being increased in Tehran’s atmosphere that requires more attention of officials and experts to control air pollution.